Table 1.
Clinical and Functional Imaging Characteristics
| Parameter | Overall (n=2377) | Mitral Regurgitation | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=812) | No (n=1565) | |||
| Age (years) | 64 ± 13 | 68 ± 13 | 62 ± 13 | <0.001 |
| Men | 1271 (54%) | 418 (52%) | 853 (55%) | 0.16 |
| Hypertension* | 1707 (72%) | 629 (78%) | 1078 (69%) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia* | 1414 (60%) | 483 (60%) | 931 (60%) | 0.99 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 759 (32%) | 246 (30%) | 513 (33%) | 0.22 |
| Family history of coronary artery disease | 563 (24%) | 169 (21%) | 394 (25%) | 0.02 |
| Known coronary artery disease | 552 (23%) | 241 (30%) | 311 (20%) | <0.001 |
| Prior myocardial infarction (MI) | 177 (7%) | 82 (10%) | 95 (6%) | <0.001 |
| Prior coronary revascularization | ||||
| Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) | 344 (15%) | 136 (17%) | 208 (13%) | 0.02 |
| Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) | 176 (7%) | 96 (12%) | 80 (5%) | <0.001 |
| Medications | ||||
| Beta-blocker | 1148 (48%) | 459 (57%) | 689 (44%) | <0.001 |
| ACE inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker | 940 (40%) | 364 (45%) | 576 (37%) | <0.001 |
| HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor | 1237 (52%) | 469 (58%) | 768 (49%) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin | 1164 (49%) | 435 (54%) | 729 (47%) | 0.001 |
| Thienopyridine | 289 (12%) | 110 (14%) | 179 (11%) | 0.14 |
| Indication for stress perfusion testing | ||||
| Chest pain | 984 (41%) | 298 (37%) | 686 (44%) | 0.001 |
| Dyspnea | 679 (29%) | 242 (30%) | 437 (28%) | 0.34 |
| SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging | ||||
| Exercise stress | 907 (38%) | 245 (30%) | 662 (42%) | <0.001 |
| Adenosine/regadenoson stress | 1465 (62%) | 564 (70%) | 901 (58%) | <0.001 |
| Dipyridamole stress | 2 (0.1%) | 2 (0.2%) | — | 0.12 |
| Dobutamine stress | 3 (0.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 2 (0.1%) | 1.00 |
| Post-stress ejection fraction (%) | 63 ± 13 | 60 ± 15 | 64 ± 12 | <0.001 |
| Post-stress ejection fraction <50% | 270 (11%) | 159 (20%) | 111 (7%) | <0.001 |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LV ejection fraction (%) | 61 ± 11 | 58 ± 14 | 62 ± 9 | <0.001 |
| LV ejection fraction <50% | 320 (14%) | 167 (21%) | 153 (10%) | <0.001 |
| LV end-diastolic diameter (cm) | 5.0 ± 0.8 | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.0 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
| LV regional wall motion abnormality | 299 (13%) | 157 (19%) | 142 (9%) | <0.001 |
| Anterior wall motion abnormality | 117 (5%) | 71 (9%) | 46 (3%) | <0.001 |
| Lateral wall motion abnormality | 175 (7%) | 104 (13%) | 71 (5%) | <0.001 |
| Inferior wall motion abnormality | 219 (9%) | 133 (16%) | 86 (6%) | <0.001 |
| LV myocardial mass (g/m2) | 92 ± 32 | 100 ± 35 | 87 ± 30 | <0.001 |
| Left atrial diameter (cm) | 3.9 ± 1.4 | 4.1 ± 0.8 | 3.8 ± 1.6 | <0.001 |
| Left atrial volume (ml/m2) | 34 ± 14 | 40 ± 16 | 30 ± 11 | <0.001 |
Numbers in boldface indicate p values < 0.05
*
Defined based on self-reported history, confirmed via medical record review at time of MPI