Table 3.
Univariate analysis for the predictors of the development of hemorrhagic infarction after endovascular stroke therapy
| Variable | HI hemorrhage (n=267) (N (%)) | No hemorrhage (n=759) (N (%)) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) (mean ±SD) | 66±16 | 66±15 | 0.95 |
| NIHSS (mean±SD) | 17±5 | 16±6 | 0.004 |
| Female | 139 (52) | 393 (52) | 0.94 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 88 (33) | 156 (21) | 0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 182 (68) | 518 (68) | 0.91 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 100 (37) | 265 (35) | 0.45 |
| Time to treatment (min) (mean±SD) | 320±161 | 296±162 | 0.05 |
| TIMI 2–3 recanalization | 180 (67) | 520 (69) | 0.39 |
| Clot location | |||
| M1 MCA | 140 (52) | 369 (49) | 0.29 |
| Carotid terminus | 56 (21) | 142 (19) | 0.42 |
| Tandem occlusion | 34 (13) | 94 (12) | 0.91 |
| M2 MCA | 30 (11) | 129 (17) | 0.03 |
| Extracranial ICA | 8 (3) | 25 (3) | 0.50 |
| Therapy | |||
| IV tPA | 108 (40) | 234 (31) | 0.005 |
| Merci embolectomy | 172 (64) | 411 (54) | 0.002 |
| Penumbra thrombectomy | 28 (10) | 88 (12) | 0.66 |
| Angioplasty | 70 (26) | 189 (25) | 0.68 |
| Stent placement | 49 (18) | 145 (19) | 0.86 |
| IA tPA | 155 (58) | 408 (54) | 0.22 |
| Pharmacologic therapy only | 58 (22) | 191 (25) | 0.28 |
| Mechanical therapy only | 57 (21) | 184 (25) | 0.35 |
| Multimodal therapy | 152 (57) | 385 (51) | 0.09 |
HI, hemorrhagic infarction; ICA, internal carotid artery; MCA, middle cerebral artery; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TIMI, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator.