Table 1.
Description of included studies
| Type | Population | Mean body mass index (kg/m 2) | Study size (n) | Intervention | Intervention type | Daily difference in intake of fruit and vegetables between arms | Follow-up duration (weeks) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singh 1992 [26] | Parallel arm RCT | Adults with major risk factors for cardiovascular disease; India | 24.3 | 463 | Dietary advice focused on increasing fruit and vegetable intake | A | 294 g | 4 |
| Smith-Warner 2000 [27] | Parallel arm RCT | Patients with colorectal polyps; Minnesota, USA | 27.7 | 201 | Dietary advice focused on increasing fruit and vegetable intake | A | 5.7 portions | 52 |
| Whybrow 2007 [23] | Parallel arm RCT | Couples; Aberdeen, Scotland | 23.7 | 62 | Either 300 g or 600 g for fruit and vegetables provided daily | A | 245 g and 433 g respectively | 8 |
| Weerts 2009 [30] | Parallel arm RCT | Young overweight African American Women; USA | - | 9 | Gift card for fruit and vegetable purchases | A | 1.2 cups per day | 12 |
| Christensen 2013 [25] | Parallel arm RCT | Patients with newly diagnosed Type II Diabetes; Jutland, Denmark | 32 | 63 | Advice to eat at least two portions of fruit daily | A | 184 g | 12 |
| Basu 2010 [29] | Parallel arm RCT | Adults with metabolic syndrome; Oklahoma, USA | 37.8 | 66 | 50 g blueberries provided daily | B | 50 g* | 8 |
| Peterson 2011 [28] | Cross-over RCT | Adults; California, USA | 26.4 | 88 | 120 g figs provided | B | 120 g* | 10 |
| Dow 2012 [24] | Parallel arm RCT | Overweight and obese adults; Arizona, USA | 32.1 | 74 | Half a grapefruit provided for consumption with every meal | B | 1.4 portions | 6 |
*Assumed difference based on experimental design, actual difference not measured.