Table 6.
Significant T3-regulated genes at the transcriptional level found in the cerebral cortex of rodents, involved in memory and behavior: relationship with ASD.
| Symbola | Protein | Process | Alteration/disease |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADCY8 | Adenylate cyclase type 8 | G-protein associated enzyme | Abnormal cAMP signaling |
| ADRBK2 | β-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 (GRK3) | G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 3 | Abnormal dopamine metabolism. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder |
| CALB1 | Calbindin-D28k | Calcium-binding protein | Abnormal synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation. ASD |
| CAMK4 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV | CREB phosphorylation signaling pathway | ASD |
| CREB1 | cAMP-responsive element binding protein 1 | Transcription factor | Altered development. ASD |
| CREM | cAMP-responsive element modulator | Transcription factor modulating CREB | Altered development. ASD |
| DBP | D site of albumin promoter (albumin D-box) binding protein | Transcription factor | Abnormal spatial learning and enhanced susceptibility to kainate-induced seizures. Epilepsy, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder |
| GRK5 | G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 | Signal transduction | Memory impairment. Alzheimer’s disease |
| HOMER1 | Homer protein homolog 1 | Major component of postsynaptic density | Abnormal synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation. ASD |
| HTR7 | 5-HT7 receptor | Neuroreceptor | Abnormal learning and memory. Neuropsychiatric disorders. ASD |
| MAPK1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (ERK2) | CREB phosphorylation signaling pathway | ASD |
| NOS1 | Nitric oxide synthase 1 | Neurotransmitter, signaling pathway | Abnormal signaling pathway. ASD |
| NR4A1 | Nuclear receptor related 1 protein (NURR77) | Transcription factor | Abnormal synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Altered long-term potentiation. Schizophrenia |
| NTS | Neurotensin | Neuropeptide | Abnormal modulation of dopamine signaling. ASD |
| PVALB | Parvalbumin | Calcium-binding protein | Alzheimer’s disease and nervous system disorders. ASD |
aBold shows T3-regulated genes that have been found to be abnormally expressed in autistic humans. Other genes found in autistic humans not regulated by T3 at the transcriptional level have not been included.