Table 2.
Overview of miRNAs Characterized in Teleosts
| Developmental Stage/ Tissue/Process | miRNA | Species | Method | Function | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Embryonic development | miR-430 | Zebrafish | Cloning, knockdown, qRT-PCR | Maternal transcript clearance | Giraldez et al. (2006) |
| Gonadal development | miR-430 | Zebrafish | Knockdown, miRNA target protection assays, reporter assays, transgenics, ISH, qRT-PCR | PGC migration | Staton et al. (2011) |
| Metamorphosis | let-7 | Japanese flounder Atlantic halibut | NGS and qRT–PCR | Larval to juvenile transformation | Bizuayehu et al. (2012a) and Fu et al. (2013) |
| Vascular development | miR-126 | Zebrafish | Microarray, knockdown, luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR | Angiogenesis | Fish et al. (2008) |
| Vascular development | miR-142-3p | Zebrafish | Knockdown, overexpression, qRT-PCR | Vascular integrity, remodeling and angiogenesis | Lalwani et al. (2012) |
| Vascular development | miR-221 | Zebrafish | NGS, ISH, northern blot, qRT-PCR, knockdown, miRNA sensor assays | Endothelial tip cell proliferation and migration | Nicoli et al. (2012) |
| Vascular development | let-7g, miR-23b, miR-27a, miR-27b, miR-29a, and miR-126 | Zebrafish | microarray, northern blot, ISH, qRT-PCR, knockdown, luciferase reporter assay | Arterial-venous segregation, angiogenesis, branching and tip cell specification | Biyashev et al. (2012) |
| Oocyte and early embryo | miR-21, miR-23a, miR-26a, miR-30d, miR-92a, miR-125a, miR-125b, miR-126-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-200b, and miR-455 | Rainbow trout | Cloning and qRT–PCR | ? | Ramachandra et al. (2008) |
| Oocyte and early embryo | miR-34 | Zebrafish | Knockdown, microarray, qRT–PCR | Nervous system development | Soni et al. (2013) |
| Oocyte | miR-15, miR-29, miR-92, miR-101, miR-126, miR-181-3p, miR-196, miR-202-5p, miR-202-3p, miR-221, miR-301, miR-338, and miR-2184 | Rainbow trout | Microarray | ? | Juanchich et al. (2013) |
| let-7, miR-10, miR-21, miR-24, miR-25, miR-30, miR-143, miR-146, miR-148, and miR-202 | Rainbow trout | NGS | ? | Ma et al. (2012) | |
| Brain | let-7g, k, h, i, l, miR-29a, b, miR-103, miR-124a, b, c, d, and miR-125 | Asian seabass | qRT–PCR | ? | Xia et al. (2011) |
| let-7a, b, c, and d, miR-9, miR-21, miR-124, miR-135c | Zebrafish | NGS, qRT–PCR | ? | Soares et al. (2009) | |
| let-7a,b,c,f,i, miR-7b, miR-9-5p, miR-9-3p, miR-34b, miR-103, miR-107, miR-124a, miR-125a,b, miR-128, miR-129-3p, miR-132, miR-138, miR-181a,b, miR-216, miR-217, miR-219, and miR-375 | Zebrafish | Microarray, ISH | ? | Wienholds et al. (2005) | |
| let-7a,b,c, miR-9, miR-34, miR-92b, miR-124, miR-128, miR-135c, miR-137,miR-138, miR-153a, miR-219, miR-222 | Zebrafish | ISH | ? | Kapsimali et al. (2007) | |
| miR-7 and miR-9 | Zebrafish | Gain- and loss-of-function | Brain boundary organization | Leucht et al. (2008) and Memczak et al. (2013) | |
| Eye | miR-124 | Zebrafish | NGS, qRT–PCR | ? | Soares et al. (2009) |
| let-7b, miR-9, miR-30a, miR-92b,miR-96 miR-124, miR-181a,b, miR-182, miR-183, miR-184, and mir-204 | Zebrafish | ISH | ? | Kapsimali et al. (2007) | |
| miR-204 | Medaka | Knockdown, ISH, luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR | Lens development | Conte et al. (2010) | |
| let-7 | Zebrafish | Luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR, knockdown | Müller glia cells differentiation | Ramachandran et al. (2010) | |
| miR-7 and miR-454a | Zebrafish and medaka | ISH | ? | Ason et al. (2006) | |
| miR-7, miR-9, miR-34b, miR-96, miR-124a, miR-125b, miR-132, miR-181b, miR-182, miR-183, miR-184, and miR-204, miR-215, miR-216, miR-217 | Zebrafish | Microarray, ISH | ? | Wienholds et al. (2005) | |
| let-7g,n,k,h,i,l, miR-21c, miR-29a,b, miR-124, miR-125, miR-126a,b, miR-181a,b, miR-183a,b, miR-184a,b | Asian seabass | qRT–PCR | ? | Xia et al. (2011) | |
| Heart | miR-218a-1/2 | Zebrafish | Knockdown, overexpression, ISH, luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR | Heart field migration | Fish et al. (2011) |
| miR-138 | Zebrafish | Knockdown, antagomiR, ISH, luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR | Cardiac patterning | Morton et al. (2008) | |
| miR-21, miR-218a | Zebrafish | Knockdown, overexpression, ISH, qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter assay | Heart valve formation | Chiavacci et al. (2012) and Banjo et al. (2013) | |
| let-7e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o, miR-1a, miR-20, miR-21a,b,c, miR-29a,b, miR-103, miR-125, miR-126a,b, miR-128c, miR-145, and miR-199b | Asian seabass | qRT–PCR | ? | Xia et al. (2011) | |
| miR-1, miR-101a, miR-130b,c, miR-133a, miR-221, and miR-499 | Zebrafish | NGS, qRT–PCR | ? | Soares et al. (2009) | |
| let-7i, miR-15b, miR-17a-3p, miR-21, miR-92b, miR-128, miR-133, miR-146a,b, miR-150, miR-194a, miR-204, miR-210-3p, miR-301a, miR-429, miR-730, miR-733, miR-738, | Zebrafish | Microarray, northern blot, qRT-PCR, ISH | Regeneration | Yin, Lepilina, et al. (2012) | |
| Muscle | miR-1, miR-21, miR-133a,b,c, miR-203b | Zebrafish | NGS, qRT–PCR | ? | Soares et al. (2009) |
| miR-203b | Nile tilapia | qRT–PCR and luciferase reporter assay | Muscle development | Yan, Guo, et al. (2013) | |
| let-7a,c,f, miR-1, miR-17a, miR20a,b, miR-126, miR-133c, miR-181a, miR-203b, miR-206, miR-214, and miR-738 | Zebrafish | Microarray, northern blotting, qRT–PCR | Transition from hyperplasia to hypotrophy | Johnston et al. (2009) | |
| miR-499 | Zebrafish | ISH, overexpression, knockdown, transgenics | Muscle fiber-type specification | Wang et al. (2011) | |
| miR-140 | Zebrafish, medaka | Knockdown, reporter assays, cloning, ISH | Palatogenesis | Ason et al. (2006) and Eberhart et al. (2008) | |
| let-7b,c,j, miR-1, miR-15a, miR-22a, miR-27a, miR-30b, miR-34, miR-125b, miR-133a,miR-140, miR-152, miR-192, miR-193a, miR-199, miR-204, miR-206, miR-214, miR-218a,b, miR-301c, and miR-460 | Nile tilapia | NGS, qRT-PCR, microarray | Growth | Huang et al. (2012) and Yan et al. (2012a) | |
| miR-1, miR-21, miR-23a, miR-24, miR-26a, miR-27a,b, miR-29b, miR-125b, miR-133a-3p, miR-155, miR-181a-5p, miR-206, miR-214, miR-221, and miR-222 | Common carp | NGS, qRT-PCR | ? | Yan et al. (2012) | |
| miR-1, miR-9b-3p, miR-10b, miR-10d-5p, miR-23b, miR-92a, miR-122, miR-133b-5p, miR-135a,c, miR-144-3p, miR-144-5p, miR-145, miR-193b, miR-212, miR-462, miR-551, and miR-2187-5p | Blunt snout bream | NGS | Growth | Yi et al. (2013) | |
| miR-1 and miR-133 | Zebrafish | Transgenics, microarray, luciferase reporter assay, knockdown, qRT–PCR | Actin organization in the sarcomere and its function | Mishima et al. (2009) | |
| Fin | mi-R2a, miR-26a, miR-66, miR-69, miR-80, miR-144, miR-200b, miR-203, miR-301, and miR-338 | Zebrafish | Microarrays, reporter assays, knockdown | Regeneration | Thatcher et al. (2008) |
| miR-7a, miR-17-5p, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-22a, miR-23, miR-25, miR-26a, miR-31, miR-92b, miR-100, miR-101, miR-124, miR-133,miR-137, miR-138, miR-146, miR-182, miR-187, miR-194b, miR-196a, miR-200a,c, miR-205, miR-216a, miR-301, miR-338, | Zebrafish | Microarray, northern blot, qRT-PCR, ribonuclease protection assays | Regeneration | Yin et al. (2008) | |
| Ionocytes, nasal epithelium, neuromasts, pronephros, and scattered epithelial cells | miR-8, miR-141, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, and miR-429 | Zebrafish | ISH, northern blot, reporter assays | Osmoregulation | Flynt et al. (2009) |
| Kidney and gills | miR-30c and miR-429 | Nile tilapia | qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter assay | Osmoregulation | Yan, Zhao, et al. (2012) and Yan et al. (2012b) |
Note.—?, function unknown; ISH, in situ hybridization; NGS, next-generation sequencing; qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.