TABLE 7.

Estimated effects of covariates on attitudes by sex, exogenous background variables

	Ed jr. college		Ed college		Rural residence		Rural origin		Mother higher ed		Father higher ed		First born
	M	W	M	W	M	W	M	W	M	W	M	W	M	W
W fulfilled w/o marr			+			−
M fulfilled w/o marr
W fulfilled w/o child			+	+		−		−	+		−		−
M fulfilled w/o child				+				−
Marr for child		+	+	+		−								+
Child asap		+		+										+
OK single w sex	+		+	+	−	−		−			−
OK cohab
OK n-marr birth									+			−
No div for children						−				−
Man earns living		+	+	+					+
HW role fulfilling	+								+
W work if needed		+	+	+					+
Men priority in jobs		+	+	+		−			+
Working mother OK		+	+	+	−					−
Young children suffer									+

NOTES:

¹“+” indicates that the covariate has a positive effect on the nontraditional view with p < 0.10; “−” indicates that the covariate has a negative effect on the nontraditional view with p< 0.10

²The estimated coefficients for the exogenous variables in the model (age, year of survey, and type of survey) are not shown.

³The estimates are from OLS models for “W fulfilled w/o child” (men and women), “M fulfilled w/o child” (women), “Marr for child” (women), “Child asap” (women), “OK single w sex” (women), “OK n-marr birth” (men), “No div for children” (women), “HW role fulfilling” (men and women), “W work if needed” (women), “Men priority in jobs” (women), “Working mother OK” (women), “Young children suffer” (men and women). For all other combinations of attitude items and sex, two-stage least squares models are used. See text for reasons for different models. See notes to Table 5 for list of exogenous variables, endogenous variables, and instrumental variables used for the two-stage least squares models.