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. 2014 Sep 4;8:1235–1247. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S63994

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© 2014 Mudavath et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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TEM images of GS (A), f-Gr (B), and f-Gr-AmB (C).

Notes: The TEM image of GS shows a wrinkled paper-like structure (A), which appears to be very thin. The inset is the selected area electron diffraction pattern (SAED) of GS, showing clear diffraction spots; the diffraction spots were indexed to a hexagonal graphite crystal structure. In contrast, the TEM image of f-Gr (B) shows a smooth surface, which is due to functionalization by L-cysteine. AmB deposited on f-Gr (C) appears as a cloudy shadow. The SAED pattern of the inset demonstrates the well-textured, crystalline nature of f-Gr-AmB, which supports the conclusion that AmB is attached.

Abbreviations: TEM, transmission electron microscopy; GS, graphene sheets; f-Gr, amine-modified graphene; AmB, amphotericin B; f-Gr-AmB, a novel AmB formulation as a conjugate with f-Gr.