Table 1.
Participants’ characteristics
| Variable | Men (n = 97) | Women (n = 215) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 61 ± 8 | 61 ± 2 | 0.68 |
| Anthropometric measures | |||
| Body weight (kg) | 81.4 ± 15.2 | 66.8 ± 11.5 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 ± 4.2 | 25.7 ± 4.4 | 0.024 |
| Muscle mass and function | |||
| AppLBMI (kg/m2) | 9.2 ± 0.9 | 7.3 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
| Right leg LBM (kg) | 10.4 ± 1.5 | 7.3 ± 1.1 | <0.001 |
| KES (N) | 340 ± 130 | 177 ± 98 | <0.001 |
| Muscle quality (N/kg) | 32 ± 12 | 24 ± 13 | <0.001 |
| Exercise characteristicsa | |||
| Physically active (%) | 99.0 | 97.7 | 0.44 |
| Total WET (min/week) | 522 ± 332 | 499 ± 278 | 0.52 |
| Total AED (months) | 118 ± 102 | 90 ± 78 | 0.021 |
| Practicing resistance activities (%) | 68.0 | 63.3 | 0.41 |
| Resistance WET (min/week) | 128 ± 83 | 109 ± 71 | 0.090 |
| Resistance AED (months) | 81 ± 108 | 52 ± 83 | 0.060 |
| Practicing aerobic activities (%) | 99.0 | 95.3 | 0.11 |
| Aerobic WET (min/week) | 394 ± 283 | 378 ± 261 | 0.62 |
| Aerobic AED (months) | 137 ± 122 | 113 ± 113 | 0.09 |
| Practicing body and mind activities (%) | 32.0 | 43.3 | 0.059 |
| Body and mind WET (min/week) | 123 ± 120 | 135 ± 82 | 0.62 |
| Body and mind AED (months) | 90 ± 116 | 42 ± 52 | 0.030 |
| Smoking habits (%) | |||
| Current smoking | 7.4 | 6.0 | 0.82 |
| Past smoking | 60.9 | 62.6 | 0.91 |
| Education level (%) | |||
| Primary school | 3.1 | 5.1 | 0.72 |
| High school | 9.3 | 9.3 | |
| Postgraduate degree | 87.6 | 85.5 | |
| Comorbidities (%) | |||
| Present or past cancer | 2.1 | 14.9 | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 17.7 | 12.9 | 0.29 |
| Hypertension | 26.3 | 20.5 | 0.30 |
| Arthritis | 41.7 | 48.4 | 0.33 |
| Back pain | 29.9 | 26.5 | 0.59 |
| Cognitive impairment | 17.9 | 11.0 | 0.10 |
BMI body mass index, AppLBMI appendicular lean body mass index, LBM lean body mass, KES knee extension strength, WET weekly exercise time, AED average exercise duration
aDescriptive analyses were conducted in individuals practicing the physical activity in question