Table 7.
Osteopathic manipulative treatment in comparison to usual obstetric care, sham ultrasound and untreated for nonspecific low back pain in pregnant women
| Quality assessment | No. of patients | Treatment effect (95% CI) | Quality of the evidence | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of studies | Design | Limitations | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Other considerations | OMT | Usual obstetric care, sham ultrasound and untreated | ||
| Pain (measured with: Pain VAS from 0 to 100 [worse pain]; Better indicated by lower values) | ||||||||||
| 3 | randomised trials | no serious limitations | serious1 | no serious indirectness | serious2 | none | 99 | 143 | MD 23.01 lower (44.13 to 1.88 lower) | ⊕ ⊕ ΟΟ LOW |
| Functional status (measured with: Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale; Better indicated by lower values) | ||||||||||
| 3 | randomised trials | no serious limitations | serious3 | no serious indirectness | serious2 | none | 99 | 143 | SMD 0.80 lower (1.36 to 0.23 lower) | ⊕ ⊕ ΟΟ LOW |
1I2 = 91%.
2Sample size < 400.
3I2 = 76%.
Abbreviations: CI Confidence interval, MD Mean difference, OMT Osteopathic manipulative treatment, SMD Standard mean difference, VAS Visual analogue scale.