Table 1.
Summary of NH 3 sensing properties of a conducting polymer and metal or metal oxide/conducting polymer sensor
| Authors/reference | Method | Materials | NH 3 concentration (ppm) | NH 3 sensing performances |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chen et al.
[15] |
Layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly method |
Polypyrrole (PPy) and Pt-doped two-layer PPy thin films |
100 |
Response: approximately 3 to 100 ppm NH3 at room temperature |
| Jeong et al.
[16] |
Spin coating |
P3HT thin-film transistors |
10 to 100 |
Response: 0.31 to 100 ppm NH3 at room temperature |
| Saxena et al.
[27] |
Drop casting |
P3HT:ZnO nanowire thin films |
4 |
Response: <1% to 4 ppm NH3 at room temperature |
| Chougule et al.
[13] |
Low-frequency AC spin coating |
CSA (30 wt.%) doped PPy-ZnO hybrid films |
100 |
Response: approximately 11 to 100 ppm NH3 at room temperature |
| Baratto
[18] |
Drop casting |
Hybrid poly (3-hexylthiophene)-ZnO nanocomposite thin films |
25 |
Response: small response to 25 ppm NH3 at room temperature |
| Tuan et al.
[14] |
A standard photolithography technique |
Polyaniline (PANI) nanowires (NWs) |
25 to 500 |
Response: 2.9 to 500 ppm NH3 at room temperature |
| Tai et al.
[21] |
In situ self-assembly |
Polyaniline/titanium dioxide (PANI/TiO2) nanocomposite thin films |
23 to 141 |
Response: approximately 9 to 140 ppm NH3, response time 2 s, and recovery time 20 to 60 s at room temperature |
| Huang et al.
[26] |
Spin coating |
Graphene oxide (RGO)-polyaniline (PANI) hybrids |
50 |
Response: approximately 10.4 to 50 ppm NH3 at room temperature |
| Dhingra et al.
[23] |
Dipping |
Zinc oxide/polyaniline (ZnO/PANI) hybrid |
300 |
Response: approximately 23 to 300 ppm NH3 at room temperature |
| This work | Drop casting | P3HT:1.00 mol% Au/ZnO NPs (4:1) | 50 to 1,000 | Response: approximately 32 to 1,000 ppm NH3 at room temperature |