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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 13.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Commun. 2014 Jun 13;5:4159. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5159

Figure 8. Working model.

Figure 8

(a) WT animals have normal level of GABA, glutamate, and GAT3/4 in astrocytes, and normal level of δ- and α5-GABAA-Rs in dentate granule cells. The tonic inhibition is small. There is significant LTP in the DG, and animals have normal cognitive functions. (b) 5xFAD animals show abnormally high level of glutamate, GABA, and GAT3/4 in the reactive astrocytes, and upregulated α5-GABAA-Rs in dentate granule cells. The tonic inhibition is significantly enhanced, and LTP in the DG is suppressed. Animals display learning and memory deficits.