Table 5.
Prediction of tumor volume ≥0.5 mL at prostatectomy.
| Predictors | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Base Model | Base Model + PCA3 Score | Base Model + T2 Score | Base Model + PHI | Base Model + PCA3 and T2 Scores | Base Model + PCA3 Score + PHI | Base Model + T2 Score + PHI | Base Model + PCA3 and T2 Scores + PHI | ||||
| OR (95% CI) |
p Value | AUC (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
|
| Age | 1.091 (1.007–1.183) |
0.035 | 67.2% (55.3–79.2) |
1.096 (1.008–1.193) |
1.066 (0.977–1.164) |
1.091 (1.001–1.189) |
1.119 (1.021–1.227) |
1.070 (0.980–1.169) |
1.087 (0.988–1.196) |
1.110 (1.011–1.220) |
1.089 (0.988–1.198) |
| DRE findings | 1.409 (0.383–5.177) |
0.595 | 52.6% (43.4–61.7) |
1.433 (0.371–5.543) |
1.536 (0.391–6.036) |
1.229 (0.314–4.807) |
1.486 (0.361–6.121) |
1.270 (0.319–5.052) |
1.624 (0.382–6.905) |
1.237 (0.291–5.259) |
1.293 (0.295–5.664) |
| Serum total PSA | 1.072 (0.943–1.219) |
0.240 | 57.7% (42.2–73.3) |
1.075 (0.938–1.231) |
1.057 (0.926–1.208) |
1.082 (0.943–1.243) |
0.932 (0.789–1.102) |
1.068 (0.930–1.226) |
0.917 (0.774–1.087) |
0.949 (0.801–1.124) |
0.935 (0.787–1.112) |
| Biopsy Gleason sum | 1.375 (0.524–3.610) |
0.519 | 53.9% (41.6–66.2) |
0.932 (0.331–2.627) |
1.010 (0.354–2.883) |
0.931 (0.326–2.659) |
0.907 (0.322–2.553) |
0.986 (0.343–2.832) |
1.017 (0.354–2.925) |
0.903 (0.315–2.593) |
0.970 (0.334–2.818) |
| PCA3 score | 1.019 (1.002–1.036) |
0.004 | 70.8 (58.9–82.6) |
- | 1.016 (0.999–1.034) |
- | - | 1.013 (0.996–1.030) |
1.017 (0.999–1.035) |
- | 1.014 (0.996–1.032) |
| T2 score | 1.004 (0.999–1.009) |
0.025 | 62.0% (49.0–75.1) |
- | - | 1.004 (0.999–1.010) |
- | 1.003 (0.998–1.009) |
- | 1.004 (0.998–1.009) |
1.003 (0.997–1.008) |
| PHI | 1.050 (1.008–1.093) |
0.004 | 71.7% (58.7–84.8) |
- | - | - | 1.068 (1.018–1.122) |
- | 1.068 (1.017–1.121) |
1.066 (1.016–1.118) |
1.065 (1.015–1.118) |
| AUC of multivariate models | 68.9% (57.2–80.5) |
74.4% (63.5–85.4) |
71.5% (59.9–83.1) |
76.0% (62.6–89.4) |
75.2% (64.5–85.9) |
81.1% (69.2–93.0) |
79.2% (69.2–93.0) |
82.7% (71.6–93.8) |
|||
| Gain in predictive accuracy * | - | +5.5 | +2.6 | +7.1 | +6.3 | +12.2 | +10.3 | +13.8 | |||
| p value * | - | 0.056 | 0.428 | 0.240 | 0.052 | 0.028 | 0.076 | 0.011 | |||
All variables were treated as continuous variables except DRE (digital rectal examination; suspicious vs. non suspicious) and Gleason sum at biopsy (6 vs. ≥7). *: as compared with the base model. AUC: area under receiver operating curves; OR: odds ratio; PCA3: prostate cancer gene 3; PHI: Prostate Health Index; PSA: prostate-specific antigen; T2: TMPRSS2:ERG fusion gene.