Fig. 4.

Expression of fibrosis genes relative to 18S rRNA in the samples from each rotator cuff pathology group. The horizontal lines at the tops of the panels indicate significant differences between the group identified with the circle and the groups identified with a vertical tic mark. The horizontal lines within the data points represent the means in the four rotator cuff pathology groups. TGFB1, CTGF, COL1A1, and COL3A1 upregulate the fibrosis pathway. MMP1, MMP3, and MMP9 break down fibrotic tissue (therefore downregulating fibrosis) and are inhibited by TIMP1 and TIMP3 (which therefore upregulate fibrosis).