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. 2014 Sep 10;8:280. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00280

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Copyright © 2014 Chuang, Huang and Hsueh.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Behavioral stimulation results in upregulation of Tbr1 and Grin2b in adult brains. (A) A simple flowchart of CTA test. The tissues were sampled 2 and 24 h after injection. (B) The amounts of water drunk during pre-training (D-1) and sucrose drunk on the CTA training day (D0). (C–E) Quantitative-PCR analyses to examine the expression of Tbr1, Grin2b, and c-Fos upon behavioral training. Two hours after NaCl or LiCl injection and 24 h after LiCl injection, the lateral amygdala, insular cortex and ventral hippocampus were collected for quantitative-PCR using Cyp as an internal control to detect the relative mRNA levels of Tbr1 (C), Grin2b (D), and c-Fos (E) in adult mice. Six animals were used for each experiment. All data represent the mean + SEM. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.001; n.s., not significant.