| Methods | RCT parallel group | |
| Participants | n = 15 patients in Home-based CR group; n = 14 pts in Centre-based CR group; diagnosis: heart failure; case mix: CHF class II or III NYHA with ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy; mean age 52 (SD 8.5); 76% male Inclusion: heart failure of >3 month duration Exclusion: valvular heart disease, exercise-induced cardiac arrhythmias, symptomatic myocardial ischemia within 3 months, taking beta-blockers |
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| Interventions |
Home-based CR (intervention): Exercise: Total duration: 12 weeks; frequency: 3 sessions/wk; duration: 45 mins/session (including warm-up, cool-down, recovery); intensity: up to 60% peak heart rate (RPE 1216); modality: walking; follow-up logs completed daily/returned biweekly. Weekly phone calls from staff monitoring adherence & progress, monthly phone calls from patients for control purposes Other: not reported Centre-based CR (control): Exercise: Total duration: 12 weeks; frequency: 3 sessions/wk; duration: 45 mins/session (including warm-up, cool-down, recovery); intensity: 60% peak heart rate; modality: walking on a treadmill. Supervised Other: not reported |
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| Outcomes | (primary and secondary outcomes not distinguished) exercise capacity (ml/kg/min), resting BP systolic & diastolic BP, adherence, dropouts; additionally data on mortality obtained by personal contact | |
| Follow up | 12 weeks post randomisation | |
| Subgroup analyses | No subgroups described or reported | |
| Country & settings | Turkey, single centre | |
| Notes | Additional data on mortality obtained by personal contact | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors’ judgement | Support for judgement |
| Adequate sequence generation? | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Allocation concealment? | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Blinding? All outcomes |
Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Incomplete outcome data addressed? All outcomes |
Low risk | |
| Free of selective reporting? | Low risk | All outcomes described in the methods section are reported in the results |
| Groups balanced at baseline? | Low risk | “Among patients who completed the study, no differences in demographic characteristics were seen between the 2 study groups after randomization (p>0.05). ” |
| Intention to treat analysis? | High risk | ITT not reported |
| Groups received same intervention? | Low risk | “We chose lower intensity …training prescriptions in the HETG to avoid any adverse occurrences and also in the SETG to provide comparable training intensity levels between 2 groups. ” |