Figure 5. Elevated C to G rates at asymmetrically hydroxymethylated sites.

(A) Rates of cytosine loss in the human and mouse population as a function of methylation status and symmetry. Only significant differences between rates at symmetrically and asymmetrically hydroxymethylated 5hmC sites are shown (***P<0.001). Error bars are 95% confidence intervals, calculated using Wilson's interval score for single proportions. Rates for all possible base changes are higher in an asymmetric context for both human and mouse, which is not expected to occur by chance (P<0.04, binomial test). (B) For different upstream contexts, correlation coefficients (Spearman's rho) were computed between C to G rates and expression levels for different MMR components (red dots) and their respective set of control genes (grey/black, see main text). Whiskers extend to approximately 1.5*IQR (interquartile range) below/above the bottom/top quartile of the data, (see R documentation [69] for details).