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. 2014 Sep 11;8(9):e3139. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003139

Figure 4. Effect of diagnostic technique and sampling effort on S. mansoni prevalence measures.

Figure 4

The effect of (A) number of Kato-Katz thick smears (Kato-Katzs), from one to six (1KK to 6KK) on the recorded prevalence of S. mansoni infection with multiple praziquantel treatments. All individuals were treated after sampling at pre, six-months, one-year and two-years. All individuals excreting more than 100 EPG at one-week and any infected children at all other time-points were re-treated. 95% confidence intervals are excluded for clarity. Difference in sensitivities between the current standard two Kato-Katzs and our ‘gold standard’ of six Kato-Katzs determined by the McNemar test is significant at all time-points except baseline. The effect of (B) diagnosis method using six Kato-Katzs or one point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen test (POC-CCA), with a trace counting as either a positive (POC-CCA-t+) or negative (POC-CCA-t−) on S. mansoni infection prevalence with 95% confidence intervals. Difference in sensitivities between the POC-CCA and our ‘gold standard’ of six Kato-Katzs determined by the McNemar test: * significant for POC-CCA-t− or † significant POC-CCA-t+.