Table 2. Factors associated with non-medical use of benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and prescription stimulants in the past 90 days (N=296).

	Non-medical use of benzodiazepines f Adjusted odds ratio 95% CI	Non-medical use of muscle relaxants f Adjusted odds ratio 95% CI	Non-medical use of prescription stimulants f Adjusted odds ratio 95% CI
Age	1.0 (0.9-1.0)	1.0 (1.0-1.1)	0.9 (0.9-1.0)
Male	0.7 (0.4-1.4)	0.7 (0.3-1.6)	0.8 (0.2-2.7)
Race/ethnicity
Non-white (ref)	1	1	1
White	2.1 (1.1-3.6) a	0.7 (0.3-1.5)	2.8 (0.9-8.9)
Problem drinking in the past 30 days d	0.6 (0.2-1.8)	1.3 (0.4-4.5)	0.6 (0.1-5.2)
Illicit drug use in the past 90 days e	1.5 (0.9-2.5)	0.7 (0.3-1.4)	1.8 (0.6-5.3)
Depression in the past 90 days
No depression (BDI score ≤13) (ref)	1	1	1
Mild depression (BDI score 14-18)	0.7 (0.3-1.4)	0.9 (0.3-2.4)	0.8 (0.1-4.1)
Moderate to severe depression (BDI score ≥19)	1.3 (0.7-2.2)	1.3 (0.6-2.8)	1.5 (0.5-4.5)
Medical use of opioid analgesics in the past 90 days	1.1 (0.7-1.9)	2.6 (1.2-5.8) a	1.6 (0.6-4.6)
Prescription opioid analgesic misuse in the past 90 days	3.5 (2.1-5.7) c	3.4 (1.7-6.8) b	5.9 (2.1-16.8) b
Medical use of benzodiazepines in the past 90 days	3.7 (1.9-7.3) c	1.0 (0.4-2.6)	n/a
Medical use of muscle relaxants in the past 90 days	2.1 (0.8-5.4)	9.9 (4.2-23.3) c	n/a

^ap < 0.05

^bp<0.005

^cp<0.001

^dProblem drinking defined as > 7 drinks for women and > 14 drinks for men in the past 30 days

^eIllicit use of cocaine, methamphetamines, heroin/opiates in the past 90 days

^fNon-medical use of benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and prescription stimulants in the past 90 days