Table 3a.

Estimated Rate Ratios of Overall Number of Drug Classes in the Year Following Diabetes Diagnosis

Independent Variables	RR	95% CI	p
Year of Cohort Entry (ref: 2005)
2006	0.96	0.95–0.97	<.001
2007	0.92	0.91–0.92	<.001
2008	0.90	0.89–0.90	<.001
2009	0.89	0.88–0.90	<.001
Female	1.13	1.12–1.13	<.001
Age (ref: 60–69)
20–29	0.78	0.76–0.80	<.001
30–39	0.81	0.80–0.82	<.001
40–49	0.88	0.87–0.88	<.001
50–59	0.94	0.94–0.95	<.001
70–79	1.05	1.04–1.06	<.001
80–89	1.07	1.06–1.08	<.001
90+	1.02	0.99–1.05	0.265
Race/Ethnicity (ref: White)
Hispanic	0.91	0.90–0.92	<.001
Unknown	0.79	0.78–0.79	<.001
Black	0.99	0.99–1.00	0.203
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander	0.91	0.88–0.94	<.001
Asian	0.86	0.85–0.87	<.001
Native American	0.98	0.94–1.03	0.527
More than 1 Race	0.96	0.95–0.98	<.001
A1c Closest & Prior to Cohort Entry (ref: <6.5%)
6.5–6.9%	0.94	0.93–0.94	<.001
7.0–7.4%	0.98	0.97–0.99	<.001
7.5–7.9%	1.03	1.02–1.05	<.001
8.0–8.4%	1.03	1.02–1.05	<.001
8.5–8.9%	1.05	1.03–1.08	<.001
>=9.0%	1.07	1.06–1.08	<.001
Missing	1.05	1.04–1.06	<.001
History of Depression	1.38	1.37–1.39	<.001
History of Hypertension	1.30	1.29–1.31	<.001
History of Hyperlipidemia	1.13	1.12–1.14	<.001
History of Chronic Renal Disease (Stage 3, 4)	1.25	1.23–1.26	<.001
History of End Stage Renal Disease	1.39	1.35–1.43	<.001
Body Mass Index (ref: Normal)
Missing	0.94	0.93–0.95	<.001
Underweight (<18.5)	1.05	1.01–1.10	0.010
Overweight (>24.9–29.9)	0.99	0.98–0.99	0.035
Obese Level 1(>29.9–34.5)	1.01	1.00–1.02	0.020
Obese Level 2 (>34.5–39.9)	1.05	1.04–1.06	<.001
Obese Level 3(>39.9)	1.12	1.11–1.14	<.001

Notes: (1) RR = Rate Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval, (2) model includes site fixed effects, (3) n=196,654