. 2014 Sep 14;20(34):12007–12017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i34.12007

Table 3.

Circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers

Ref.	Sample	Method (normalization)	MiRNA	Clinical application
Li et al[74] (CN)	80 EGC/70 C plasma	real-time qRT-PCR(U6, U44)	miR-199-3p	Early detection of GC
Rotkrua et al[72] (JP)	6 DCKO mice with DGC/6 C tissue	miRNA microarray and	miR-103, miR-107,	Early detection of DGC
Rotkrua et al[72] (JP)	21 DCKO mice with DGC/23 C serum	TaqMan qRT-PCR (cel-miR-39)	miR-194 and miR-210	Early detection of DGC
Li et al[75] (CN)	230 GC/130 C and	miRNA microarray and	miR-199-3p	GC detection
Li et al[75] (CN)	20 gastric precancerous plasma	real-time qRT-PCR (U6, U44)
Cai et al[76] (CN)	90 GC(70A, 16M, 3S, 1SC)/90 C plasma	qRT-PCR (cel-miR-39)	miR-106b, miR-20a,	Early detection of GC
Cai et al[76] (CN)	90 GC(70A, 16M, 3S, 1SC)/90 C plasma	qRT-PCR (cel-miR-39)	and miR-221	Early detection of GC
Li et al[91] (CN)	8 GC/8 C tissue	qRT-PCR (U6, cel-miR-39)	miR-223, miR-21	GC detection
Li et al[91] (CN)	70 GC(56A, 13M, 1S)/70 C plasma	qRT-PCR (U6, cel-miR-39)	and miR-218	GC detection
Wang et al[92] (CN)	174 solid cancers/39 C serum	qRT-PCR (miR-16)	miR-21	Detection of some solid cancers
Song et al[93] (CN)	82 GC(71A, 3S, 1SC)/46 DYS/128 C serum	TaqMan low-density array	miR-221, miR-376c	Early detection of GC
Song et al[93] (CN)	82 GC(71A, 3S, 1SC)/46 DYS/128 C serum	and TaqMan qRT-PCR (cel-miR-39)	and miR-744	Early detection of GC
Konishi et al[94] (JP)	56 GC/30 C plasma	miRNA microarray	miR-451 and miR-486	Screening GC
Konishi et al[94] (JP)	56 GC/30 C plasma	and qRT-PCR (U6)	miR-451 and miR-486	Screening GC
Liu et al[77] (CN)	61 GC(A, M)/61 C serum	miRNA microarray	miR-378	Early detection of GC
Liu et al[77] (CN)	61 GC(A, M)/61 C serum	and real-time qRT-PCR (U6)	miR-378	Early detection of GC
Liu et al[82] (CN)	164 GC/127 C serum	Solexa sequencing	miR-1, miR-20a, miR-27a,	GC detection
Liu et al[82] (CN)	164 GC/127 C serum	and qRT-PCR (the serum volume)	miR-34 and miR-423-5p	GC detection
Tsujiura et al[73] (JP)	8 GC/8 C tissue	qRT-PCR (RNU6B)	miR-17-5p, miR-21, miR-106a,	GC detection
Tsujiura et al[73] (JP)	79 GC/30 C plasma	qRT-PCR (RNU6B)	miR-106b and let-7a	GC detection
Gorur et al[95] (TR)	20 GC/190 C plasma	real-time qPCR (global means)	miR-195-5p	Early detection of GC
Wang et al[54] (CN)	80 gastric adenocarcinomas/40 peritumoral tissues	real-time qRT-PCR (U6)	let-7a	GC detection
Wang et al[54] (CN)	80 gastric adenocarcinomas/45 C serum	real-time qRT-PCR (U6)	let-7a	GC detection

C: Control; DCKO: Double-conditional knockout; DGC: Diffuse-type gastric cancer; DYS: Dysplasia; GC: Gastric cancer; LN, lymph node; A: Adenocarcinoma; M: Mucinous carcinoma; S: Signet-ring cell carcinoma; SC: Squamous cell carcinoma.