Table 3.
Pre-incarceration substance use and HIV risk-taking behaviours among HIV-positive prisoners in Ukraine who were aware and unaware of their HIV status upon prison entry and prison release (N=78)
| Drug-related behaviours | Comparison groups | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Aware N=9 (%) | Unaware N=69 (%) | p | |
| Prison entry | |||
| Amphetamine use | 5 (55.6) | 18 (26.1) | 0.114 |
| Opioid use | 9 (100.0) | 38 (55.1) | 0.010 |
| Sedatives use | 5 (55.6) | 19 (27.5) | 0.124 |
| Substance use | 9 (100.0) | 43 (62.3) | 0.025 |
| Multiple-substance use | 8 (88.9) | 32 (46.4) | 0.029 |
| Injected drugs | 9 (100.0) | 46 (66.9) | 0.052 |
| Re-used syringe, container or needle | 8 (88.9) | 30 (43.5) | 0.662 |
| Sex-related risks | |||
| Sex without condom with at least one person | 9 (100.0) | 38 (55.1) | 0.010 |
| Sex without condom with HIV+ person | 4 (44.4) | 7 (10.1) | 0.020 |
| Sex without condom under influence of drugs | 8 (88.9) | 18 (26.1) | 0.030 |
| Other risks | |||
| Tattoo from non-professional | 0 | 12 (17.4) | 0.340 |
| Prison release Aware N=40 (%) | Unaware N=38 (%) | p | |
| Amphetamine use | 18 (45.0) | 5 (13.2) | 0.003 |
| Opioid use | 29 (72.5) | 18 (47.4) | 0.037 |
| Sedatives use | 15 (37.5) | 9 (23.7) | 0.225 |
| Substance use | 33 (82.5) | 19 (50.0) | 0.004 |
| Multiple-substance use | 26 (65.0) | 14 (36.8) | 0.023 |
| Injected drugs | 33 (82.5) | 22 (57.9) | 0.009 |
| Re-used syringe, container or needle | 26 (65.0) | 12 (31.6) | 0.001 |
| Sex-related risks | |||
| Sex without condom with at least one person | 28 (70.0) | 19 (50.0) | 0.031 |
| Sex without condom with HIV+ person | 9 (22.5) | 2 (5.3) | 0.048 |
| Sex without condom under influence of drugs | 20 (50.0) | 6 (15.9) | 0.016 |
| Other risks | |||
| Tattoo from non-professional | 6 (15.0) | 6 (15.8) | 1.000 |
Bold text signifies significant (p<0.05) differences.