Figure 5. Augmented swarming model with interaction.

(a), Illustration of the augmented swarming model with five males. All five are connected to the swarm centroid by a damped spring. At the instant shown, male i is in the interacting state and is subject to the (uni-directional) force from the damper connected to j; the random force is weakened proportionally. Male j does not feel this damper force. (b), Model fit to swarming data from two real swarms of An. gambiae. The simulated swarm with interaction (red) fits the real data better than the original swarming model without interaction (green).