Table 4.

Surgery and Medical Management Groups Psychosocial Outcomes at Each Follow-up

Psychosocial Outcomes	Baseline			First follow-up			Second follow-up			Third follow-up
	Surgery (n=57)	MM (n=18)	p-value	Surgery (n=57)	MM (n=18)	p-value	Surgery (n=57)	MM (n=18)	p-value	Surgery (n=42)	MM (n=9)	p-value
Full-time Employment	56%	44%	ns	68%	39%	0.025	61%	33%	0.037	43%	22%	ns
Independent Living	56%	33%	ns	84%	39%	<0.001	74%	44%	0.022	76%	33%	0.012
Financial Independence	72%	61%	ns	81%	56%	0.032	81%	44%	0.003	76%	44%	ns
Driving Status	12%	28%	ns	67%	28%	0.004	72%	33%	0.003	74%	33%	0.019

Surgery = Surgical group

MM = Medical management group

ns: p>0.05