(A) Total number of participants per group (green=Typical
Controls [TC], purple=Autism Spectrum Disorders
[ASD]) for each contributing site ordered as a function of
sample size (labeled alphabetically, see Supplementary Table 2 for label
key). The same site labels are used for Figures 1 B-F. (B) Number
of males (blue-white) and females (red) for each site irrespective of diagnostic
group (groups were matched for sex). (C) Age (in years) for all
individuals per site (ordered by youngest age included per site) irrespective of
diagnostic group (groups were age matched). Each site’s mean is
represented as a solid red line; the median age across sites (14.7 years) is
depicted with a thick red dashed line; 25th, 75th, and
90th percentiles (11.7, 20.1, and 28.3 years, respectively) are
represented by thin red dashed lines. (D) Distribution of full IQ
(FIQ) standard scores per site (ordered by lowest FIQ included per site) for
individuals with ASD (purple, left plot) and TC (green, right plot),
respectively. Solid black lines indicate mean FIQ per site. (E) The
Tukey box-whiskers plots depict the distribution of Total Autism Diagnostic
Observation Scale (ADOS) scores (i.e., sum of scaled Communication and
Reciprocal Social interaction subtotals) for individuals with ASD in the 13
sites using the ADOS. (F) Number of probands assigned to specific
ASD diagnostic categories per site. Categories were DSM-IV-TR Autistic Disorder
(red), Asperger Syndrome (aqua green), and Pervasive Developmental
Disorder—Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) (white-gray pattern), and
individuals identified as ASD but not further differentiated into specific
DSM-IV-TR subtypes (gray). Data displayed in D and E were imputed as described
in main text.