Table 3. Use of Outpatient Services.
| Sex | Age in Years | Years Since Diabetes Diagnosis | All | |||||||||
| Female | Male | <40 | 40–49 | 50–59 | 60–69 | 70+ | <2 | 3 to 5 | 6 to 10 | >10 | ||
| Estimated Percentage of Persons with at least 1 Outpatient Visit, Last 90 Days | ||||||||||||
| DM | 90.17 | 91.11 | 95.98 | 91.91 | 90.68 | 86.93 | 90.96 | 90.74 | 90.23 | 90.67 | 91.72 | 90.50 |
| MC | 17.95 | 10.80 | 11.72 | 14.03 | 14.32 | 21.21 | 14.20 | 15.44 | ||||
| Diff. | 72.21 | 80.31 | 84.25 | 77.88 | 76.36 | 65.72 | 76.76 | 75.05 | ||||
| Ratio | 5.02 | 8.44 | 8.19 | 6.55 | 6.33 | 4.10 | 6.41 | 5.86 | ||||
| Mean Outpatient Visits per Person, among those with at least 1 Outpatient Visit during the Last 90 Days | ||||||||||||
| DM | 2.71 | 3.05 | 2.66 | 2.57 | 3.16 | 2.90 | 2.46 | 3.05 | 2.75 | 2.60 | 3.04 | 2.83 |
| MC | 1.73 | 1.92 | 1.33 | 1.50 | 2.10 | 1.63 | 1.91 | 1.78 | ||||
| Diff. | 0.99 | 1.14 | 1.34 | 1.07 | 1.06 | 1.27 | 0.55 | 1.05 | ||||
| Ratio | 1.57 | 1.59 | 2.01 | 1.71 | 1.50 | 1.78 | 1.29 | 1.59 | ||||
| Mean Annual Visits to Hospital Outpatient Departments, per Person (only among users or among all study subjects?) | ||||||||||||
| DM | 9.92 | 10.99 | 10.07 | 9.44 | 11.49 | 10.30 | 9.03 | 11.03 | 9.96 | 9.52 | 11.34 | 10.30 |
| MC | ||||||||||||
| Diff. | ||||||||||||
| Ratio | 8.01 | 13.95 | 11.61 | 11.53 | 9.81 | 7.29 | 9.04 | 9.53 | ||||
| Mean Annual Visits to Private Doctors Outside of Hospital Clinics, per Person (only among users or among all study subjects?) | ||||||||||||
| DM | 0.22 | 0.49 | 0.11 | 0.21 | 0.33 | 0.23 | 0.81 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0.38 | 0.65 | 0.31 |
| MC | ||||||||||||
| Diff. | ||||||||||||
| Ratio | 0.77 | 2.74 | 2.82 | 1.86 | 1.46 | 0.69 | 1.30 | 1.27 | ||||
| Mean Annual Visits to Nurses Outside of Hospital Clinics, per Person (only among users or among all study subjects?) | ||||||||||||
| DM | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.25 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.11 |
| MC | ||||||||||||
| Diff. | ||||||||||||
| Ratio | 1.07 | 1.28 | 4.63 | 3.44 | 0.70 | 0.09 | 1.89 | 1.13 | ||||
| Mean Annual Visits to Traditional Healers, per Person (only among users or among all study subjects?) | ||||||||||||
| DM | 1.37 | 1.38 | 1.42 | 0.83 | 1.50 | 1.97 | 1.03 | 1.94 | 0.57 | 1.86 | 1.15 | 1.37 |
| MC | ||||||||||||
| Diff. | ||||||||||||
| Ratio | 1.13 | 1.83 | 2.06 | 0.87 | 1.25 | 1.40 | 1.65 | 1.31 | ||||
| Mean Total Annual Outpatient Visits to a Any Clinician (Excluding Traditional Healers) (only among users or among all study subjects?) | ||||||||||||
| DM | 10.25 | 11.57 | 10.27 | 9.91 | 11.91 | 10.54 | 9.93 | 11.31 | 10.25 | 10.03 | 12.07 | 10.72 |
| MC | 1.63 | 1.04 | 0.93 | 1.01 | 1.52 | 1.85 | 1.67 | 1.42 | ||||
| Diff. | 8.62 | 10.53 | 9.35 | 8.90 | 10.39 | 8.69 | 8.26 | 9.30 | ||||
| Ratio | 6.29 | 11.16 | 11.08 | 9.85 | 7.83 | 5.69 | 5.94 | 7.54 | ||||
DM means persons with diagnosed diabetes mellitus. MC means age- and sex-matched comparison subjects. Diff. means DM−MC. Ratio means DM/MC. See text for description of statistical significance.