Table 1.

Overview of growth and product formation parameters at the different dilution rates studied

D (h–1)	YDM (g L–1)	Product (mg L–1)	YXS (g g–1)	YPS (mg g–1)	YPX (mg g–1)	Viability (%)
0.015	18.25 ± 0.35	9.69 ± 1.05	0.37 ± 0.007	0.19 ± 0.021	0.53 ± 0.048	94.1
0.025	20.43 ± 0.27	8.44 ± 1.39	0.41 ± 0.005	0.57 ± 0.028	1.39 ± 0.074	95.9
0.05	24.27 ± 0.55	26.70 ± 2.07	0.49 ± 0.011	0.53 ± 0.041	1.10 ± 0.076	99.5
0.075	25.74 ± 0.47	21.57 ± 2.44	0.51 ± 0.009	0.43 ± 0.049	0.84 ± 0.081	n.a
0.1	26.56 ± 0.98	20.65 ± 1.64	0.53 ± 0.020	0.41 ± 0.033	0.78 ± 0.091	99.0
0.125	26.29 ± 0.27	23.25 ± 1.97	0.53 ± 0.005	0.46 ± 0.039	0.88 ± 0.065	98.8
0.15	25.95 ± 0.52	30.04 ± 1.77	0.52 ± 0.010	0.60 ± 0.035	1.16 ± 0.075	98.7

Values represent the means of three cultivations ± standard error of the mean. YDM, yeast dry mass; Y_XS, biomass per substrate yield; Y_PS, product per substrate yield; Y_PX, product per biomass yield.