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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2014 Aug 1;24(4):545–561. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2014.07.001

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Disorders associated with EGJ outflow obstruction. Impaired EGJ relaxation is evident by an integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) >15 mmHg. In type I achalasia; there is no esophageal contraction and no esophageal pressurization (Panel A). Type II achalasia is characterized by panesophageal pressurization and absence of a peristaltic contraction (Panel B). In type III achalasia, there are at least 20% premature contraction, defined as DL <4.5 s. (Panel C). EGJ outflow obstruction may represent a variant of achalasia (Panel D). It might also be the consequence of a mechanical obstruction (Panel E) such as a distal esophageal stenosis in a context of esophagitis.