Table 2.
Frequency of genotypes and alleles of LPL, apoE, and PPARα genes in individuals exposed to Leishmania infantum.
| Polymorphisms§§ | Infected symptomatic individuals | Infected asymptomatic individuals | Noninfected individuals | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % of total | n | % of total | n | % of total | |||
| HindIII | H+/H+(a) | 24 | 46.2 | 17 | 35.4 | 13 | 23.2 | 0.040(a vs. b) |
| H+/H−(b) | 26 | 50.0 | 27 | 56.3 | 34 | 60.7 | 0.103(b vs. c) | |
| H−/H−(c) | 2 | 3.8 | 4 | 8.3 | 9 | 16.1 | 0.006(a vs. c) | |
| HWE† | 0.116 | 0.138 | 0.099 | |||||
| H+(d) | 74 | 71.5 | 61 | 63.5 | 60 | 53.6 | ||
| H−(e) | 30 | 28.8 | 35 | 36.5 | 52 | 46.4 | 0.008(d vs. e) | |
|
| ||||||||
| PvuII | P1/P1(f) | 12 | 28.6 | 13 | 29.5 | 16 | 37.2 | 0.429(f vs. g) |
| P1/P2(g) | 25 | 59.5 | 27 | 61.4 | 23 | 53.5 | 0.835(g vs. h) | |
| P2/P2(h) | 5 | 11.9 | 4 | 9.1 | 4 | 9.3 | 0.507(f vs. h) | |
| HWE† | 0.146 | 0.062 | 0.294 | |||||
| P1(i) | 49 | 58.3 | 53 | 60.2 | 55 | 64.0 | ||
| P2(j) | 35 | 41.7 | 35 | 39.8 | 31 | 36.0 | 0.452(i vs. j) | |
|
| ||||||||
| ApoE | E2/E3(k) | 3 | 8.1 | 4 | 10.5 | 2 | 5.0 | 0.833(k vs. l) |
| E3/E3(l) | 30 | 81.1 | 24 | 63.2 | 26 | 65.0 | 0.116(l vs. m) | |
| E3/E4(m) | 4 | 10.8 | 10 | 26.3 | 10 | 25.0 | 0.214(k vs. m) | |
| E2/E4 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 2.5 | ||
| E4/E4 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 2.5 | ||
| E2(n) | 3 | 4.1 | 4 | 5.3 | 3 | 3.7 | 0.953(n vs. o) | |
| E3(o) | 67 | 90.5 | 62 | 81.6 | 64 | 80.0 | 0.038(o vs. p) | |
| E4(p) | 4 | 5.4 | 10 | 13.1 | 13 | 16.3 | 0.230(n vs. p) | |
|
| ||||||||
| PPPARα | Leu/Leu(q) | 48 | 80.0 | 61 | 87.1 | 92 | 93.9 | 0.022 (q vs. r) |
| Leu/Val(r) | 11 | 18.3 | 8 | 11.4 | 6 | 6.1 | ||
| Val/Val | 1 | 1.7 | 1 | 1.4 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| HWE† | 0.693 | 0.247 | 0.745 | |||||
| Leu(s) | 107 | 89.2 | 130 | 92.9 | 190 | 96.9 | ||
| Val(t) | 13 | 10.8 | 10 | 7.1 | 6 | 3.1 | 0.008(s vs. t) | |
§§ P value analyzed by χ 2 test for trend; † P value in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE).
Note: H+ indicates presence and H− indicates absence of the HindIII restriction site. P1 indicates absence and P2 indicates presence of the PvuII restriction site. Apo E polymorphism results in six genotypes (E2/E2, E2/E3, E2/E4, E3/E3, E3/E4, and E4/E4). E2/E4 and E4/E4 did not have sufficient number to be analyzed. E2/E2 was not detected. PPARα L162V polymorphism results in three genotypes (Leu/Leu, Leu/Val, and Val/Val). Bold text indicates statistically significant differences.