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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Compr Psychiatry. 2014 Apr 26;55(7):1626–1638. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.04.014

Figure 1. Frequency of Traumatic Head Injury Events and Trauma/Torture Events Associated with Psychiatric Disorders.

Figure 1

Abbreviation: THI, traumatic head injury.

Cases with any missing items on trauma and torture evaluation were excluded.

Traumatic head injury events, which include both the type and frequency information, were categorized into two groups of bitiles. Trauma/torture events were categorized into quartiles.

Subjects of no trauma exposure were excluded in producing PTSD odds ratio.

Adjustment was performed using multiple logistic regression with covariates for marital status (married vs. not married), age at interview, education in Vietnam, current living status (with spouse or children vs. other situations) and years in USA.

Associated increases in risk of depression are shown at the top of each vertical bar.

* p<0.05, ** p<0.001.