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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 15.
Published in final edited form as: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Apr 18;4:CD007145. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007145.pub2

Comparison 2. Interventions to prevent excessive weight gain versus other interventions (general population).

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Weight gain (kg) 4 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
 1.1 Low−high exercise versus moderate-moderate exercise 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) −2.60 [−4.96, −0.24]
 1.2 Low-high exercise versus high-low exercise 1 51 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) −3.50 [−5.86, −1.14]
 1.3 High-low exercise versus moderate-moderate exercise 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.90 [−1.59, 3.39]
 1.4 Low glycaemic diet versus high glycaemic diet 1 62 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.40 [−0.62, 3.42]
 1.5 Dietary counselling plus probiotic versus dietary counselling 1 171 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.20 [−1.21, 1.61]
 1.6 Low glycaemic diet plus exercise versus high glycaemic diet plus exercise 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) −8.20 [−11.27, −5.13]
2 Caesarean delivery 1 Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
 2.1 Low glycaemic diet versus high glycaemic diet 1 62 Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.25 [0.49, 3.18]
3 Energy intake (kj) 2 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
 3.1 Low glycaemic diet versus high glycaemic diet 1 60 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) −280.0 [−1225.93, 665.93]
 3.2 Dietary counselling plus probiotic versus dietary counselling 1 139 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 276.0 [−243.57, 795.57]
4 Fibre intake (gm) 2 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
 4.1 Low glycaemic diet versus high glycaemic diet 1 60 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) −0.60 [−4.25, 3.05]
 4.2 Dietary counselling plus probiotic versus dietary counselling 1 139 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.60 [−1.35, 2.55]
5 Infant birthweight >90th centile for gestational age 1 Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
 5.1 Low glycaemic diet versus high glycaemic diet 1 62 Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.09 [0.01, 0.69]
6 Infant birthweight <10th centile for gestational age 1 Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
 6.1 Low glycaemic diet versus high glycaemic diet 1 62 Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.41 [0.25, 7.84]