TABLE 1.
Duration of Follow-Up and Psychiatric Status Rating Scale Scores for Youths With Bipolar Disorder During Longitudinal Follow-Upa
| Measure | Class 1: Predominantly Euthymic (N=88) | Class 2: Moderately Euthymic (N=127) | Class 3: Ill With Improving Course (N=70) | Class 4: Predominantly Ill (N=82) | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Duration of follow-up (months) | 92.4 | 7.8 | 93.6 | 7.0 | 93.0 | 9.9 | 93.0 | 9.2 | 0.8 |
| Time between interviews (months) | 9.12 | 5.0 | 8.51,4 | 3.7 | 8.44 | 5.4 | 9.12,3 | 6.8 | 0.002 |
| Number of follow-up interviews | 9.7 | 2.5 | 10.3 | 2.8 | 10.6 | 3.5 | 9.5 | 3.8 | 0.1 |
| Percent of time euthymic | 84.42,3,4 | 9.4 | 47.31,4 | 15.2 | 42.81,4 | 12.3 | 11.51,2,3 | 7.8 | <0.001 |
| Maximum consecutive months euthymic | 44.22,3,4 | 21.1 | 12.61,3,4 | 8.2 | 20.11,2,4 | 10.9 | 5.51,2,3 | 4.4 | <0.001 |
| Percent of time in any syndromal mood | 2.92,3,4 | 3.3 | 14.31,4 | 13.3 | 15.41,4 | 13.6 | 26.91,2,3 | 21.9 | <0.001 |
| Depression | 1.72,3,4 | 2.9 | 10.61,4 | 12.0 | 10.71,4 | 11.3 | 21.51,2,3 | 19.9 | <0.001 |
| Mania or hypomania | 1.32,3,4 | 2.3 | 4.41,4 | 5.9 | 5.81 | 8.7 | 8.21,2 | 11.9 | <0.001 |
| Mixed state | 0.144 | 0.7 | 0.684 | 1.9 | 1.144 | 2.8 | 2.761,2,3 | 6.2 | <0.001 |
| Psychiatric Status Rating Scale | |||||||||
| Mean scores | |||||||||
| Depression | 1.42,3,4 | 0.3 | 2.21,4 | 0.6 | 2.41,4 | 0.5 | 3.21,2,3 | 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Mania | 1.04 | 0.1 | 1.14 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 1.21.2 | 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Hypomania | 1.32,3,4 | 0.3 | 1.81,4 | 0.5 | 2.01,4 | 0.5 | 2.61,2,3 | 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Mean highest scores | |||||||||
| Depression | 4.12,3,4 | 1.3 | 5.01 | 0.7 | 5.01 | 0.9 | 5.21 | 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Mania | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 0.17 |
| Hypomania | 3.92,3,4 | 1.1 | 4.61 | 0.8 | 4.41 | 0.8 | 4.61 | 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Variability in scores during follow-upb | 23.82,3 | 11.1 | 32.81,3,4 | 6.9 | 40.51,2,4 | 5.6 | 21.62,3 | 11.6 | <0.001 |
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| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
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| New syndromal episodes during follow-up | |||||||||
| Any mood | 45 | 51.12,3,4 | 117 | 92.11 | 59 | 84.31 | 75 | 91.51 | <0.001 |
| Mania, hypomania, or mixed state | 26 | 29.62,3,4 | 88 | 69.31 | 43 | 61.41 | 53 | 64.61 | <0.001 |
| Depressed | 29 | 33.02,3,4 | 105 | 82.71 | 53 | 75.71 | 70 | 85.41 | <0.001 |
a
Superscripts denote significant between-class differences, with p values ≤0.05 after Bonferroni correction.
b
Measured by comparing the mean standard deviations over follow-up.