Differential diagnosis	Differentiating tests	Differentiating signs/symptoms
Endometrial cancer	If a patient with abnormal uterine bleeding is found to have a normal cervix, depending on the age and risk factors, an endometrial biopsy can assist in appropriate diagnosis.	Women over 50, obese, need evaluation of the endometrium through an endometrial biopsy.
Uterine fibroids or polyps	Same as above except that an transvaginal ultrasound will be an excellent tool in evaluating the uterine wall.	Almost 50% of women may have uterine leiomyomas and present with abnormal uterine bleeding and pain. Pelvic examination, endometrial biopsy, and ultrasound can help in diagnosis.
Sexually transmitted infections	Abnormal vaginal discharge and pain can be a presenting sign of an STD. It is important to obtain cervical cultures and evaluate the appearance of the cervix, which may be inflammatory and friable.	Many women who are sexually active can present with STDs with symptoms of abnormal vaginal discharge, bleeding. Treatment is based on history, physical examination that reveals an inflamed cervix with motion tenderness, leukocytosis. Cervical cultures assist greatly in diagnosis.