Table 4.

Risk factors for undergoing corneal surgery among patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy

	RR for surgery	95% CI	P-value†
Univariable regression
VA <20/40	3.6	2.5–5.2	<0.001
Guttae “3+” or “4+”	3.7	2.5–5.5	<0.001
Increasing age, per decade	1.31	1.1–1.5	<0.001
Male sex	1.5	1.1–2.0	0.008
Diabetes	1.2	0.8–1.7	0.44
Hypertension	1.2	0.9–1.6	0.16
Reported family history	0.9	0.4–2.0	0.87
Multivariable regression
VA by LogMAR unit, better eye*	2.2	1.2–4.1
VA by LogMAR unit, worse eye**	1.8	1.3–2.5
VA 20/40 or worse	2.4	1.6–3.7
Guttae “3+” or “4+”	3.4	2.3–5.1
VA lines lost	1.1	1.04–1.16
Male sex	1.9	1.4–2.6

Notes:

^†Cox proportion regression.

^*The relative risk for surgery for each LogMAR unit decrease in Snellen visual acuity of the better-seeing eye at the time of diagnosis.

^**The relative risk for surgery for each LogMAR unit decrease in Snellen visual acuity of the worse-seeing eye at the time of diagnosis.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk; VA, Snellen visual acuity.