Table 3.
Pre- and Post-intervention Results
| Means (SD) |
p-values |
Effect Sizesc |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient | Patient | Caregiver | Caregiver | Main Effect | Interaction Effect | Patient | Caregiver | ||
| Outcomes | Reliabilities | Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 1 | Time 2 | Timea | Role by Timeb | d | d |
| Emotional Distress | |||||||||
| Total Emotional | 0.82 | 58.1 (13.0) | 55.5 (15.7) | 58.4 (17.4) | 54.3 (12.3) | <.05 | .57 | 0.18 | 0.28 |
| Distress | |||||||||
| Anxiety -Tension | 0.81 | 8.0 (2.3) | 8.1 (3.0) | 8.7 (4.0) | 7.9 (2.4) | .24 | .10 | 0.03 | 0.22 |
| Depression-Dejection | 0.77 | 6.9 (1.8) | 7.0 (2.8) | 7.5 (3.4) | 6.7 (2.0) | .31 | .09 | 0.04 | 0.30 |
| Anger-Hostility | 0.74 | 6.9 (1.9) | 6.6 (2.3) | 7.8 (2.3) | 6.7 (1.8) | <.01 | .24 | 0.14 | 0.27 |
| Vigor-Activity | 0.92 | 16.1 (4.5) | 15.5 (4.5) | 15.5 (4.8) | 15.3 (4.2) | .22 | .66 | 0.13 | 0.04 |
| Fatigue-Inertia | 0.91 | 11.3 (4.1) | 9.6 (4.1) | 9.9 (4.4) | 9.2 (3.2) | <.05 | .21 | 0.41 | 0.18 |
| Confusion-Bewilderment | 0.69 | 8.7 (2.3) | 8.4 (2.7) | 8.6 (2.5) | 8.4 (2.4) | .35 | .90 | 0.12 | 0.08 |
| Quality of Life | |||||||||
| Total Quality of Life | 0.90 | 83.1 (12.2) | 86.0 (13.0) | 85.8 (12.4) | 88.3 (11.1) | <.05 | .85 | 0.23 | 0.20 |
| Physical | 0.71 | 21.5 (4.8) | 23.4 (4.1) | 25.6 (2.3) | 25.5 (2.7) | <.05 | <.05 | 0.43 | 0.04 |
| Social | 0.83 | 22.3 (3.9) | 22.0 (4.4) | 20.6 (5.6) | 21.4 (5.3) | .59 | .22 | 0.03 | 0.15 |
| Emotional | 0.78 | 19.6 (3.0) | 19.7 (3.3) | 18.5 (5.1) | 19.4 (3.7) | .16 | .23 | 0.03 | 0.20 |
| Functional | 0.81 | 20.1 (4.8) | 21.6 (4.7) | 21.0 (4.3) | 21.8 (3.9) | <.01 | .42 | 0.32 | 0.20 |
| Benefits of Illness | 0.92 | 2.6 (0.7) | 3.1 (0.6) | 2.7 (0.8) | 2.8 (0.8) | <.01 | <.05 | 0.77 | 0.13 |
| Communication | 0.93 | 3.9 (0.7) | 4.0 (0.6) | 3.9(0.6) | 3.9 (0.5) | .10 | .96 | 0.15 | 0.18 |
| Social Support | 0.87 | 4.5 (0.6) | 4.5 (0.5) | 4.2 (0.7) | 4.4 (0.5) | .07 | .19 | 0.01 | 0.33 |
| Self-efficacy | 0.95 | 147.6 (16.4) | 148.6 (25.7) | 141.2 (16.5) | 147.8 (16.9) | .06 | <.05 | 0.05 | 0.40 |
a
Significant Main Effect by Time ⇒ There is a significant difference over time for patients and caregivers (as a dyad) for the outcome.
b
Significant Interaction Effect-Role by Time ⇒ The amount of change over time for patients and caregivers is significantly different.
c
Absolute value of effect sizes is reported.