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. 2014 May 7;35(7):1174–1180. doi: 10.1007/s00246-014-0911-9

Table 2.

Survey of 25 case descriptions

Case no. Disease description Grade
1 TOF, mild pulmonic stenosis
2 Echo bright spot on left ventricular papillary muscles, otherwise normal heart structure and function
3 HLHS, mitral atresia, aortic atresia, open unrestrictive atrial septum, no tricuspid regurgitation
4 Midmuscular VSD, small
5 Complete AV canal defect, mild AV valve regurgitation
6 Left ventricle-to-right ventricle size discrepancy, left superior vena cava to coronary sinus, mild aortic arch narrowing
7 Heterotaxy syndrome, single ventricle, pulmonary atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous return (infradiaphragmatic)
8 TGA (intact ventricular septum)
9 Two-vessel umbilical cord, otherwise normal heart structure and function
10 Double-outlet right ventricle, subaortic VSD with severe pulmonic stenosis
11 HLHS, mitral stenosis, aortic atresia, intact atrial septum
12 Floppy, redundant atrial septum and premature atrial contractions, otherwise normal heart structure and function
13 TOF with pulmonary atresia, very small hypoplastic branch pulmonary arteries, and suspicion of multiple aortopulmonary collaterals
14 Truncus arteriosus (type 2A with VSD and branch pulmonary arteries arising from side of trunk), no truncal valve stenosis or regurgitation
15 Large perimembranous VSD
16 Tricuspid atresia, normally related great vessels, moderate size VSD, moderate pulmonic stenosis
17 Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, marked right ventricular hypoplasia, severe tricuspid valve hypoplasia; inflow into the ventricle noted, but no tricuspid regurgitation seen
18 Truncus arteriosus (type 1A with VSD and main pulmonary artery segment giving rise to well-formed branch pulmonary arteries) abnormal truncal valve with severe truncal insufficiency
19 TGA, VSD, pulmonic stenosis
20 Ebstein’s anomaly, pulmonary atresia, severe tricuspid regurgitation, severe hydrops
21 Complete AV canal defect, balanced, no AV valve regurgitation
22 Interrupted aortic arch type B, VSD, mild subaortic narrowing
23 Critical aortic valve stenosis, normal size and functioning left ventricle
24 Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, near normal size tricuspid valve, plate-like pulmonary atresia, moderate tricuspid regurgitation
25 Coarctation of the aorta, normal left ventricle

Fetal cardiologists were asked to assess each case and assign a severity grade from 1 to 7 to the case using the Fetal Cardiovascular Disease Severity Scale

TOF tetralogy of Fallot, HLHS hypoplastic left heart syndrome, AV atrioventricular, VSD ventricular septal defect, TGA transposition of the great arteries