Study	Reason for exclusion
Alper 2005	Intervention: no objective assessment of behavior change
Bullard 2004	Intervention: no objective assessment of behavior change
Butzlaff 2004	Intervention: only assessed knowledge outcomes/no EPOC outcomes
Casebeer 2003	Intervention: only assessed knowledge outcomes/no EPOC outcomes Study design: study is not complete (the initial results are based on knowledge test)
D’Alessandro 2004	Intervention: only assessed knowledge outcomes/no EPOC outcomes
Deurenberg 2008	Study design: semi-structured questionnaire
Di 2003	Population: not aimed at healthcare professionals in healthcare settings
Dykes 2005	Study design: historical control only (no other control group) and no randomization
Elhadad 2005	Intervention: only assessed knowledge outcomes/no EPOC outcomes
Forsetlund 2003	Participants: public health physicians were not involved in direct patient care
Grad 2005	Intervention: only assessed knowledge outcomes/no EPOC outcomes
Gulmezoglu 1997	Study design: editorial
Haynes 2006	Intervention: outcomes addressed use of service/no EPOC outcomes
Kronick 2003	Population: not aimed at healthcare professionals in healthcare settings
Rudin 1996	Study design: narrative article
Rudin 1997	Study design: narrative article
Sintchenko 2004	Study design: simulated cases
Southard 2003	Intervention: only assessed knowledge outcomes/no EPOC outcomes
Stewart 2005	Intervention: does include retrieval access to information
Wyatt 1998	Intervention: compared access to electronic materials as part of a multi-faceted intervention; however, there was no measure of information retrieval that could be used and there were issues of contamination in the control group. The final decision on the exclusion of this study was determined through arbitration