Comparison 1.

COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Mental state 1a: Mental Health Inventory Total - Endpoint score: high score good	1	10	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	7.40 [−2.46, 17.26]
2 Mental State 1b: Mental Health Inventory Depression - Endpoint: high score good	1	10	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	17.5 [6.70, 28.30]
3 Mental state 1c: Mental Health Inventory Positive Affect - Endpoint: high score good	1	10	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.30 [−23.66, 30.26]
4 Mental state 1d: Mental Health Inventory Behavioural - Endpoint: high score good	1	10	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	−5.40 [−21.28, 10.48]
5 Mental state 1e: Mental Health Inventory Anxiety - Endpoint: high score good	1	10	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	8.0 [0.80, 15.20]
6 Mental state 2a: PANSS Negative - Endpoint: low score good	1	10	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	−8.5 [−11.11, −5.89]
7 Mental state 2b: PANSS Positive - Endpoint: low score good	1	10	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	−2.5 [−4.73, −0.27]
8 Physical fitness 1: Six minute walking test - Endpoint: High score good	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	79.50 [33.82, 125.18]
9 Physical fitness 2: Maximal strength - Endpoint: High score good	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.0 [0.55, 3.45]
10 Physical Fitness 3: Cardiovascular measures 1: Blood pressure	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	−1.0 [−8.05, 6.05]
11 Weight 1: BMI	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	−1.20 [−2.92, 0.52]
12 Weight 2: Percentage body fat			Other data	No numeric data
13 Weight 3: Waist and Hip Ratio	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.01 [−0.02, 0.04]
14 Weight 4: Final Weight	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.30 [−3.64, 6.24]
15 Leaving the study early	2	25	Risk Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	5.0 [0.29, 86.43