Table 5. Modification of the Antibiotic Activity of the Volatile Compounds of H. martiusii Essential oil by Gaseous Contact a, b, c.
| Antibiotic | N. TRA | DMSO | EOHm, 50% | EOHm, 25% | EOHm, 12% | EOHm, 6% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S. aureus, ATCC12692 | ||||||
| Control GENT | 16.3 ± 0.6 | 16.7 ± 0.6 | 60.0 ± 0.5 a | 60.1 ± 0.6 a | 16.3 ± 0.8 | 16.3 ± 0.5 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 268.1 | 268.7 | - | - |
| Control AMI | 17.3 ± 0.6 | 17.3 ± 0.6 | 74.2 ± 0.0 a | 47.0 ± 0.5 a | 17.3 ± 0.7 | 17.3 ± 0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 328.9 | 171.7 | - | - |
| Control TOBRA | 15 ± 0.7 | 15.3 ± 0.7 | 57 ± 0.3 a | 34±0.0 a | 25 ± 0.3 a | 18 ± 0.0 a |
| Increase, % | - | - | 280 | 126.7 | 66.7 | 20 |
| P. aeruginosa, ATCC15442 | ||||||
| Control GENT | 14.3 ± 0.6 | 14 ± 0.0 | 17 ± 0.7 a | 14.3 ± 0.4 | 14.3 ± 0.8 | 14.3±0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 18.9 | - | - | - |
| Control AMI | 15 ± 0.0 | 15.3 ± 0.6 | 24 ± 0.3 a | 15 ± 0.4 | 15.2 ± 0.7 | 15 ± 0.5 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 60 | - | 1.3 | - |
| Control TOBRA | 16 ± 0.0 | 16 ± 0.3 | 18 ± 0.0 b | 17 ± 0.7 | 17 ± 0.7 | 17 ± 0.7 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 12.5 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 |
| E. coli , 27 | ||||||
| Control GENT | 15 ± 0.0 | 15 ± 0.0 | 21 ± 0.0 a | 17 ± 0.0 a | 15±0.0 | 15±0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 40 | 13.3 | - | - |
| Control AMI | 17 ± 0.7 | 16.5 ± 0.3 | 31 ± 0.0 a | 22 ± 0.0 a | 17 ± 0.0 | 17 ± 0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 82.4 | 29.4 | - | - |
| Control TOBRA | 15±0.7 a | 15 ± 0.0 | 27 ± 0.0 a | 19±0.0 a | 15 ± 0.0 | 15 ± 0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 80 | 26.7 | - | - |
| B. cereus , ATCC33018 | ||||||
| Control GENT | 18 ± 0.3 | 18.3 ± 0.0 | 23 ± 0.0 a | 18 ± 0.0 | 18 ± 0.0 | 18 ± 0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 27.8 | - | - | - |
| Control AMI | 18 ± 0.0 | 18 ± 0.0 | 32 ± 0.0 a | 23 ± 0.0 a | 18 ± 0.0 | 18 ± 0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 77.8 | 27.8 | - | - |
| Control TOBRA | 14 ± 0.0 | 14.5 ± 0.7 | 24 ± 0.0 a | 19 ± 0.3 a | 18 ± 0.0 a | 18 ± 0.0 a |
| Increase, % | - | - | 71.4 | 35.7 | 28.6 | 28.6 |
| S. aureus , 358 | ||||||
| Control GENT | 22.0 ± 0.5 | 22.0 ± 0.5 | 26 ± 0.3 a | 24 ± 0.0 a | 22.0 ± 0.5 | 22.0 ± 0.5 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 18.2 | 9.1 | - | - |
| Control AMI | 25.0 ± 0.5 | 25.0 ± 0.5 | 35 ± 0.5 a | 27 ± 0.4 b | 25.0 ± 0.5 | 25.0 ± 0.5 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 40 | 8 | - | - |
| Control TOBRA | 25.5 ± 0.6 | 25.5 ± 0.6 | 34 ± 0.3 a | 30 ± 0.0 a | 25.5 ± 0.6 | 25.5 ± 0.6 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 33.3 | 17.6 | - | - |
| E. coli , ATCC25922 | ||||||
| Control GENT | 17.0 ± 0.0 | 17.0 ± 0.0 | 20 ± 0.2 a | 19.2 ± 0.2 a | 17.0 ± 0.0 | 17.0 ± 0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 17.6 | 12.9 | - | - |
| Control AMI | 20.5 ± 0.5 | 20.5 ± 0.5 | 21 ± 0.0 | 21 ± 0.0 | 20.5 ± 0.5 | 20.5 ± 0.5 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 2.4 | 2.4 | - | - |
| Control TOBRA | 17.0 ± 0.0 | 17.0 ± 0.0 | 30.0 ± 0.4 b | 28 ± 0.2 a | 17.0 ± 0.0 | 17.0 ±0.0 |
| Increase, % | - | - | 76.5 | 64.7 | - | - |
a Abbreviations: AMI, amikacin; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; GENT, gentamicin; N. TRA, no treated; EOHm, essential oil of H. martiusii; TOBRA, tobramycin.
b Averages following by same letters, in the column, don't differ significantly amongst themselves (a) (n = 3, P < 0.05, test of Tukey). Averages following by different letters, in the line, differ significantly when compared with the respective control, for each microorganism (the n = 3, P < 0,001 ANOVA) and (b) (the n = 3, P < 0.01 ANOVA)
c The results are expressed as Mean + SEM.