DCs propagated from HCV-positive, chronically infected chimpanzees are negative for HCV RNA. DCs prepared from uninfected and chronically infected chimpanzees were cultured in 10% plasma from an uninfected animal and frozen until the samples were analyzed by RT-PCR. Eighty nanograms of total RNA from DCs (∼40,000 to 50,000 cells) was used for the quantitative PCRs. The controls were serially diluted HCV cRNA (106, 105, 104, 103, 102, and 101 HCV RNA molecules). DC 1 to DC 4, RNA samples from chronically HCV-infected chimpanzee (CB0507) DCs; DC5, RNA sample from uninfected chimpanzee (A255B) DCs. Serially diluted cRNAs were spiked with total RNAs from DCs (CB0507), GAPDH RNA was measured as an internal standard (not shown), and H2O was measured as a no-template control (NTC).