Table 3.

Results of quantitative evaluation of FCD cases with mean values shown for each region of interest (ROI) in the FCD cases

	FCD region		Adjacent cortex
Target structure/immunomarker	ROI WM Mean [SD]	ROI 2 Cortex Mean [SD]	ROI 3 WM Mean [SD]	ROI 4 Cortex Mean [SD]	Significance (between ROI and ROI 3)
Myelin labeling (myelin basic protein)
SMI94% labeling	33.4 [17.5] N = 19	20.4 [16.6] N = 19	55.5 [15.0] N = 19	22.6 [13.7] N = 19	p < 0.0001
Axonal labeling (neurofilament)
SMI31% labeling	19.7 [10.3] N = 19	27.4 [15.4] N = 19	32.3 [13.1] N = 19	29.6 [18.4] N = 19	p < 0.01
Dendritic labeling (microtubule-associated protein)
MAP2% labeling	12.2 [9.4] N = 15	–	10.6 [8.8] N = 15	–
Mature oligodendroglia
CNPase% labeling	24.9 [15.9] N = 12	–	42.5 [16.9] N = 12	–	p < 0.05
CNPase Cell density × 10−5/μm2	22.30 [25.5] N = 9	10.03 [8.47] N = 9	26.97 [28.8] N = 10	8.96 [7.9] N = 10
NOGOA Cell density × 10−5/μm	0.85 [1.6] N = 13	0.17 [0.3] N = 13	5.2 [12.4] N = 12	0.08 [0.15] N = 12
Immature oligodendroglia
PDGFR-α Cell density × 10−5/μm2	8.971 [7.75] N = 9	6.31 [5.38] N = 9	12.751 [9.69] N = 10	8.305 [5.67] N = 10
PDGFR-β Cell density × 10−5/μm2	3.05 [4.5] N = 14	4.4 [5.8] N = 10	2.7 [0.46] N = 13	3.2 [5.3] N = 9
NG-2 Cell density × 10−5/μm2	0.058 [0.076] N = 6	0.062 [0.088] N = 2a	0.5662 [0.67] N = 7	0.097 [0.16] N = 3

The two main measurements were the overall percentage of ROI labeling (i.e., the “field fraction” or “labeling index”) or the number of positive labeled cells per ROI (cell density expressed per square micron [μm]). WM = white matter, N = number of cases evaluated for each test. In a proportion of cases, particularly with

^aNG2 labeling in cortical region, enumeration of positive cells with image analysis was not possible due to differentiation of background labeling from positive cell labeling. Statistical analysis between ROI 1 and 3 is shown using nonparametric tests and only p-values of <0.05 are shown