Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study | Setting | Case identification/numbers | Source of denominator population | Quality score* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bock [9] | Colorado USA 1990–1991 | Emergency department survey – identified cases of probable fatal food anaphylaxis. 1 fatality | Colorado population statistics | 2/4 |
| Foucard & Malmheden Yman [10] | Sweden 1993–1996 | Survey of physicians, with case notes scrutinized by a single investigator. 4 fatalities | Sweden population statistics | 1/4 |
| Calvani et al. [11] | Lazio, Italy 2000–2003 | Hospital and emergency department information system: ICD codes 708.0, 989.5, 995.0, 995.2, 995.3, 995.4, 995.6, 999.4. 1 fatality | Lazio population aged 0–17 cited in paper | 2/4 |
| Pumphrey & Gowland [5]† | United Kingdom 1992–2009 | Prospective registry using national statistics, network of coroners, allergy charity to identify cases. Death certificate coding for anaphylaxis. 104 fatalities | UK population statistics | 3/4 |
| Bock et al. [12] | USA 2001–2006 | Prospective registry. Cases reported by physicians, media and FAAN and confirmed by a structured questionnaire. 31 fatalities | US population statistics 2001–August 2006 | 2/4 |
| Liew et al. [13] | Australia 1997–2005 | National Mortality Database – Death certificate ICD-10 codes T78.0, T78.2, T80.5, T88.6, T78.1, T78.4, X23, X25. Review of cases via Coroner reports and media archives. 7 fatalities | Mid-2001 Australian population figures used, multiplied by 9 | 2/4 |
| Simon & Mulla [14] | Florida, USA 1996–2005 | Death certificate search ICD-9 codes 995.0, 999.4 for 1996–1998; ICD-10 codes T50.9, T63.2, T63.4, T63.6, T63.9, T78.0, T78.2, T80.5, T88.6 for 1999–2005. All death certificates reviewed by a single author. 7 fatalities | Florida population estimates cited in paper | 2/4 |
| Bock [3] | USA 1994–1999 | Prospective registry. Cases reported by relatives, in response to advertising. 32 fatalities | US population statistics | 2/4 |
| Lin et al. [15] | New York State USA 1990–2006 | Statewide hospitalization database: ICD-9 code 995.6. 4 fatalities | New York State population aged 0–19, calculated from anaphylaxis rates cited in paper | 2/4 |
| Salter et al. [16] | Ontario, Canada 1986–2000 | Death certificate search for anaphylaxis as cause of death. 32 fatalities | Ontario population statistics | 3/4 |
| Simons et al. [17] | Canada 2000–2001 | Survey of paediatricians [Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Programme]. 1 fatality | Canada population aged 0–17 in 2000 | 0/4 |
| Levy et al. [18] | Israel 2004–2011 | Discussion with regional allergists, search of national media. 4 fatalities | Israel population estimates cited in paper | 0/4 |
| Tanno et al. [19] | Brazil 2008–2010 | Death certificate search using extensive ICD-10 codes, and review of all records where anaphylaxis was a possible cause of death. 12 fatalities | Brazilian population calculated from anaphylaxis rates cited in paper | 2/4 |
*
Quality assessment based on Newcastle-Ottawa scale for Cohort Studies [6].
†
Extended dataset kindly provided by study author.