Table 2.
Inhibition of seroconversion of veterinary vaccines by. maternal antibodies.
| Species | Infectious disease | Type of vaccine | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dog | Canine parvovirus | Live-attenuated | (40, 41) |
| Canine distemper virus | Live-attenuated | (42, 43) | |
| Cat | Feline panleukopenia virus | Live-attenuated | (44, 45) |
| Feline herpesvirus 1 | Inactivated virus | (44) | |
| Feline calicivirus | Inactivated virus | (44) | |
| Cow | Bovine viral diarrhea virus | Live-attenuated | (46, 47) |
| Foot and mouth disease virus | Inactivated virus | (48) | |
| Bovine respiratory syncytial virus | Live-attenuated | (49–51) | |
| Pig | Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae | Live-attenuated | (52) |
| Pseudorabies virus | Genetically attenuated | (53) | |
| Classical swine fever virus | Protein vaccine | (54, 55) | |
| Live-attenuated | |||
| Influenza virus | Protein vaccine | (56) | |
| Chicken | Influenza virus | Inactivated virus | (57) |
| Raccoon | Rabies virus | Vaccinia virus expressing rabies glycoprotein | (58) |
| Canine distemper virus | Live-attenuated | (59) | |
| Wolves | Canine distemper virus | Live-attenuated | (60) |
| Ferrets | Canine distemper virus | Live-attenuated | (61) |
This table lists examples of studies, which document the inhibition of or reduction in seroconversion after immunization with both live and non-live vaccines in different species. It also lists an example of a vaccine (against canine distemper virus), which is inhibited in several species. Three studies (46, 51, 53), included in their study T cell measurements and detected T cell responses after immunization in the presence of maternal antibodies although the antibody response was inhibited.