Table 1.

Baseline distributions of nutrients and colorectal cancer risk factors by quintile of energy-adjusted dietary glycemic load

	Cohort mean	Quintile					P value
		1	2	3	4	5
Glycemic load and overall glycemic index medians
Dietary glycemic load	117	92	106	117	127	143
Overall glycemic index	53	49	51	53	54	57
Energy-adjusted glycemic load*
No. of women in quintile		7690	7690	7691	7690	7690
Energy, kJ/d	7222	7103	7341	7359	7270	7031	.009†
Fat, g/d	58	69	63	58	54	46	<.001†
Protein, g/d	81	89	85	82	79	71	<.001†
Carbohydrate, g/d	222	177	205	222	237	267	<.001†
Fiber, g/d	19	16	18	19	20	22	<.001†
Nonfiber carbohydrate, g/d	203	161	187	202	217	245	<.001†
Fructose,‡ g/d	42	31	38	42	46	56	<.001†
Sucrose, g/d	41	31	37	40	44	51	<.001†
Calcium, mg/d	1015	971	1022	1037	1038	1005	<.001†
Folate, µg/d	428	383	410	432	449	467	<.001†
Vitamin D, IU/d	352	349	354	359	357	339	.030†
Age, y	53.9	53.5	53.6	53.9	54.2	54.4	<.001†
Body mass index, kg/m2	26.0	26.6	26.3	26.1	25.7	25.2	<.001†
Physical activity, kJ/wk	4056	3485	3804	4102	4319	4562	<.001†
Alcohol use rarely/never, %		32.8	40.1	43.1	48.4	59.0	<.001§
Never smoker, %		39.2	48.3	53.0	56.3	58.2	<.001§
History of oral contraceptive use, %		72.2	70.5	69.0	69.0	66.9	<.001§
Hormone replacement therapy use, %		40.2	41.6	42.2	42.9	42.5	<.001§
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use >1 time per wk, %		21.2	20.2	20.6	19.5	18.4	<.001§
Colon polyp history, %		2.8	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.5	.40§
Family history of colorectal cancer, %		10.2	10.2	11.3	10.8	9.2	<.001§
History of diabetes at baseline, %		3.8	2.7	2.5	2.0	1.6	<.001§

^*All values except age have been standardized according to the age distribution of the cohort. Within quintiles of glycemic load, continuous variables are reported as means and categorical variables are reported as percentages. Nutrient variables are energy-adjusted.

^†P for a test for linear trend.

^‡Fructose includes the fructose component of sucrose.

^§P for a test of independence.