Table 1.
Study characteristics of included studies.
| Author | Year | Site | Patients | Age | Gender (female/male) | Source | Case group | Control group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wojtowicz JC | 2011 | USA | 21/15 | 61 (29–84) | 20/16 | Fish oil | 450 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid, 300 mg of docosahexaenoic acid 1000 mg of flaxseed oil | Wheat germ oil |
| Barabino S | 2003 | Italy | 13/13 | 63.4±8.2/54.3±11.3 | 9:4/8:5 | Drug | LA (28.5 mg) and GLA (15 mg) twice daily | Preservative-free substitute tears |
| Manuel Neuzimar Pinheiro Jr | 2007 | Brazil | 25/13 | NA | Women | Flax seed | Flaxseed oil capsules | Basal oleic acid |
| Haleh Kangari | 2013 | Iran | 33/31 | 61.8±8/60.6±8.8 | 38/26 | Drug | 180 mg of EPA and 120 mg DHA | Medium-chain triglycerides |
| Nikki Heidi Ong | 2013 | USA | 9/9 | 31.1±6.2/32.1±10.6 | 12/6 | Drug | 750 mg of omega-3 EFAs both eicosapentaenoic (EPA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 1000 mg offlaxseed oil about 183 IU of vitamin E per day | Same medical regimen |
| Andrea Oleñik | 2013 | Spain | 33/31 | 58/54 | 22: 9/24: 9 | Drug | DHA 350 mg, EPA 42.5 mg | Placebo oral agent |
| Kawakita T | 2013 | Japan | 15/11 | 52.5±2.5/51.9±2.2 | 15/12 | Fish oil | EPA 1245 mg; DHA 540 mg | Placebo supplement without EPA and DHA |