The sevoflurane anesthesia does not significantly alter the levels of CDK5 (A and B), P35 and P25 (C, D and E), ratio of P-JNK to JNK (F and G), ratio of phosphorylated-ERK to ERK (H and I) and PP1 (J and K) in the hippocampus of the mice as compared to the control condition. There is no significant difference in β-Actin levels in hippocampus of the mice between the sevoflurane anesthesia and control condition. P, phosphorylated; GSK3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3β; CDK5, cyclin-dependent kinase 5; JNK, cJun n-terminal kinase; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; PP1, protein phosphatase 1. N = 6 in each group.