Table 3.
Impact of prepregnancy obesity on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes (n = 2009)
| Outcome | Frequency (%) | Adjusted OR a (95% CI) | p-value (2-sided) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obstetric Complication: | |||
| Hyperglycaemia | |||
| Normal weight | 65 (8.0%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 5 (3.7%) | 0.532 (0.207 – 1.371) | 0.192 |
| Overweight | 35 (9.7%) | 1.210 (0.754 – 1.940) | 0.430 |
| Obesity | 38 (11.8%) | 1.464 (0.921 – 2.328) | 0.107 |
| Missingb | 382 | Trendc (0.024*) | |
| Gestational diabetes | |||
| Normal weight | 21 (2.4%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 0 (0%) | — | — |
| Overweight | 7 (2.0%) | 1.040 (0.396 – 2.732) | 0.937 |
| Obesity | 11 (3.6%) | 2.327 (1.037 – 5.223) | 0.041* |
| Missing | 337 | ||
| Preeclampsia | |||
| Normal weight | 25 (3.1%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 0 (0%) | — | — |
| Overweight | 11 (3.3%) | 1.184 (0.559 – 2.505) | 0.660 |
| Obesity | 29 (9.8%) | 3.143 (1.694 – 5.830) | < 0.001* |
| Missing | 430 | ||
| Cesarean delivery | |||
| Normal weight | 238 (23.0%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 38 (23.0%) | 0.950 (0.588 – 1.536) | 0.834 |
| Overweight | 146 (34.4%) | 1.802 (1.349 – 2.409) | <0.001* |
| Obesity | 127 (35.9%) | 2.229 (1.646 – 3.018) | <0.001* |
| Missing | 32 | Trend (< 0.001*) | |
| Neonatal Complication: | |||
| Intensive/Special care admission | |||
| Normal weight | 117 (11.3%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 15 (9.1%) | 0.590 (0.296 – 1.176) | 0.134 |
| Overweight | 67 (15.9%) | 1.339 (0.921 – 1.947) | 0.126 |
| Obesity | 73 (20.6%) | 1.839 (1.269 – 2.665) | 0.001* |
| Missing | 36 | Trend (<0.001*) | |
| Fetal distress | |||
| Normal weight | 62 (6.7%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 17 (11.3%) | 2.178 (1.147 – 4.133) | 0.017* |
| Overweight | 24 (6.0%) | 1.222 (0.706 – 2.113) | 0.474 |
| Obesity | 33 (9.6%) | 1.870 (1.103 – 3.169) | 0.020* |
| Missing | 191 | Trend (0.143) | |
| Jaundice | |||
| Normal weight | 39 (4.8%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 11 (8.2%) | 1.782 (0.821 – 3.866) | 0.144 |
| Overweight | 30 (8.4%) | 1.762 (1.017 – 3.053) | 0.044* |
| Obesity | 22 (6.8%) | 1.592 (0.882 – 2.872) | 0.123 |
| Missing | 382 | Trend (0.163) | |
| Respiratory distress | |||
| Normal weight | 38 (4.7%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 6 (4.5%) | 0.879 (0.332 – 2.330) | 0.796 |
| Overweight | 20 (5.6%) | 1.275 (0.700 – 2.322) | 0.427 |
| Obesity | 22 (6.8%) | 1.294 (0.700 – 2.394) | 0.411 |
| Missing | 382 | Trend (0.288) | |
| Congenital anomaly | |||
| Normal weight | 62 (7.3%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 10 (7.3%) | 1.362 (0.662 – 2.804) | 0.401 |
| Overweight | 26 (7.1%) | 0.966 (0.559 – 1.668) | 0.901 |
| Obesity | 25 (7.9%) | 1.179 (0.692 – 2.011) | 0.544 |
| Missing | 343 | Trend (0.868) | |
| Macrosomia (birthweight >4kg) | |||
| Normal weight | 140 (13.6%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 10 (6.2%) | 0.389 (0.176 – 0.859) | 0.019* |
| Overweight | 70 (16.5%) | 1.334 (0.945 – 1.884) | 0.101 |
| Obesity | 93 (26.3%) | 2.262 (1.619 – 3.160) | < 0.001* |
| Missing | 43 | Trend (< 0.001*) | |
| Resuscitation | |||
| Normal weight | 253 (26.1%) | Reference | |
| Underweight | 32 (20.9%) | 0.675 (0.417 – 1.091) | 0.108 |
| Overweight | 112 (27.8%) | 1.186 (0.887 – 1.587) | 0.248 |
| Obesity | 118 (34.5%) | 1.499 (1.109 – 2.024) | 0.009* |
| Missing | 143 | Trend (0.001*) | |
*Significant at the 0.05 level.
aAdjusted for maternal age, employment (categorical) and education, marital status (categorical), paternal employment (categorical) and education, household ownership, number of children under 16, alcohol intake and smoking status during pregnancy, maternal non-medical drug use, primiparity, pre-existing hypertension, and year of recruitment.
bDue to differences in hospital perinatal data collection among participating hospitals, some maternal morbidities have more missing data.
c p-value for linear trend of adjusted ORs.