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Dependence of the rates of gain, loss, expansion and reduction on bacterial taxonomy and lifestyle. (a) Rates of the four types of event for Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. (b) Rates of the four types of event for bacteria and archaea with three different lifestyles. FHA, facultative host-associated; FL, free-living; P, obligate intracellular parasite.
