Table 3. Associations of risk of primary outcomes (chronic kidney disease progression) with baseline factors.

Variable	Univariate		Multivariate
	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P
Nonperfusion area ≥10 DA	8.14 (2.73–24.33)	<0.001	6.64 (1.96–22.52)	0.002
Neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage on FA	3.01 (1.26–7.19)	0.013	0.91 (0.29–2.78)	0.871
DR stage (Ref=NPDR)
PDR	3.51 (1.28–9.58)	0.014	0.75 (0.17–3.36)	0.706
HR-PDR	2.50 (0.82–7.61)	0.107	1.03 (0.29–3.65)	0.961
Age (years)	1.00 (0.97–1.04)	0.957
Men	0.62 (0.27–1.44)	0.268
History of HTN	1.85 (0.54–6.30)	0.326
Duration of HTN (years)	1.07 (0.97–1.18)	0.198
SBP (mm Hg)	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	0.984
DBP (mm Hg)	1.00 (0.97–1.03)	0.999
Duration of diabetes (years)	0.99 (0.95–1.04)	0.725
HbA1c (g/dl)	0.94 (0.74–1.19)	0.589
Albuminuria (Ref=None)
Microalbuminuria	9.91 (1.26–77.83)	0.029	1.04 (0.08–13.97)	0.978
Overt albuminuria	17.07 (2.13–137.04)	0.008	0.99 (0.06–16.91)	0.997
Serum creatinine (mg/dl)	1.63 (1.22–2.18)	0.001	1.37 (1.01–1.86)	0.044
BMI (kg/m2)	1.06 (0.88–1.28)	0.545
Triglyceride (mg/dl)	1.00 (0.99–1.00)	0.827
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	1.01 (0.99–1.01)	0.173
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	1.02 (0.99–1.06)	0.250
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	0.73 (0.56–0.94)	0.015	1.03 (0.73–1.45)	0.879
Albumin (g/dl)	0.49 (0.29–0.84)	0.009	0.46 (0.24–0.87)	0.017
Calcium (mg/dl)	0.86 (0.60–1.24)	0.419
Phosphate (mg/dl)	1.21 (0.79–1.84)	0.390

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; DA, disc area; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DR, diabetic retinopathy; FA, fluorescein angiography; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HR-PDR, high-risk PDR; HTN, hypertension; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NPDR, nonproliferative DR; PDR, proliferative DR; SBP, systolic blood pressure.

Cox regression model.

Multivariate: forward (conditional).