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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Hematol. 2014 Jul 22;89(10):992–997. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23784

Table I. Association of treatment characteristics with EFS.

Treatment characteristic Subgroup N studies 5-yr EFS of reference group (95% CI) and absolute rate differences of comparison subgroups (95% CI) Omnibus p-value Adjusteda 5-yr EFS of reference group (95% CI) and absolute rate differences of comparison subgroups (95% CI) Omnibus p-value
CRT CRT for all (reference) 43 63 (59, 68) 0.08 65 (61,69) 0.02
Risk-directed CRT 21 -3 (-11, 5) -9 (-15, -2)
CNS + only 7 -6 (-18, 7) -3 (-14, 7)
No CRT 7 12 (1, 24) 5 (-4, 15)
IT chemotherapy MTX (reference) 39 63 (58, 68) 0.89 65 (61, 69) 0.11
TIT 38 0 (-1, 1) -5(-11, 1)
Total doses of IT 0-9 (reference) 18 52 (45, 59) <0.001 56 (49, 64) 0.16
10-19 34 14 (6, 22) 8 (-1, 17)
>=20 16 18 (8, 27) 10 (-1, 21)
HD Methotrexate No HD MTX (reference) 24 58 (52,64) 0.045 61 (55, 66) 0.40
HD MTX 45 8 (0, 15) 3 (-4, 10)
Asparaginase <400,000 IU (reference) 52 60 (56, 65) 0.006 60 (57, 64) 0.007
>=400,000 IU or PEG 15 12 (4, 20) 10 (3, 17)
Anthracycline <300 mg/m2(reference) 46 64 (59, 68) 0.97 62 (58, 65) 0.14
>=300 mg/m2 20 0 (-8, 8) 5 (-2, 12)
Induction steroid prednisone (reference) 70 63 (59, 66) 0.54 63 (60, 66) 0.49
dexamethasone 4 2 (-14, 19) -9 (-24, 6)
randomized 3 9 (-7, 25) -2 (-16, 12)
EFS definition includes induction failures (reference) 57 61 (57, 65) 0.06 61 (58, 65) 0.07
excludes induction failures 7 14 (1, 26) 12 (2,23)
definition not reported 14 5 (-3, 14) 1 (-6, 9)
Enrollment year per 5 years 6 (4, 9) <0.001 N/A N/A
Asparaginase per 100,000 IU/m2 3 (1, 5) <0.001 2 (1, 4) 0.004
HD Methotrexate per 5 grams/m2 1 (-1, 3) 0.20 1 (-1, 2) 0.33
Anthracycline per 100 mg/m2 0 (-4, 3) 0.77 2 (-1, 4) 0.27
a

Adjusted for enrollment start year.

EFS= event-free survival;CRT=cranial irradiation therapy; IT = intrathecal; HD = high dose; PEG = polyethylene glycosylated asparaginase.