Table 3.

Operative characteristics according to surgical approach

	Historical cohort: Surgery, 1995–2001	Contemporary cohort: Surgery, 2002–2008		Contemporary LRN vs contemporary ORN cohort
	All ORN (n = 112)	ORN (n = 109)	LRN (n = 53)	Mean difference (95% CI)	p value*
Operative outcomes
Estimated blood loss, ml (IQR)	250 (175–438)	250 (200–400)	200 (150–300)	−141 (−237 to −45)	0.005
Operative time, min (IQR)	225 (173–300)	164 (126–210)	265 (230–310)	86 (61–111)	<0.001
Transfused, n (%)	18 (16)	28 (26)	9 (17)	−9 (−22 to 4)	0.12
Length of hospital stay, d (IQR)	7 (5–8)	5 (4–6)	3 (3–4)	−2 (−4 to −0.2)†	<0.001

CI = confidence interval; IQR = interquartile range; LRN = laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy; ORN = open radical nephroureterectomy.

^*Adjusted for age, body mass index, and American Society of Anesthesiologists grade.

^†Difference in median.